As is everywhere in mariadbd is used it more than
convienient to use mariadbd-safe than mysql_safe
in init script also in upstream test use output
mariadb-test-run-junit.xml than mysql-test-run-junit.xml

Conflict with Debian package libmariadbd19t64 as it marks
that package is compliant with 64-bit time and does not
suffer from year 2038 effect

Update changes from Debian Salsa that they are
in sync

autopkgtests from package are not passing currently and make them pass with
upgrading Salsa-CI YAML file.

For making smoke test work sync current Debian Salsa-CI version
for making needed changes

Make all init.d script for loops to use new
{1..5} syntax and rework one not to use seq as
all the rest use new Bash syntax.

Make small adjustment to MyISAM recovery function
SQL statement and how to handle it.

MariaDB installs/upgrades in Docker containers (and elsewhere where
systemd is not used) occasionally fail with output like:

  Starting MariaDB database server: mariadbd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . failed!
  invoke-rc.d: initscript mariadb, action "start" failed.
  dpkg: error processing package mariadb-server-10.5 (--configure):
   installed mariadb-server-10.5 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1

This is not very helpful. Thus extend the init script to try the server
start/restart one more time but with error log defined separately,
and then print out the error log contents of this single start attempt.

  ...
  Starting MariaDB database server: mariadbd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  230103 01:06:48 mysqld_safe Can't log to error log and syslog at the same time.  Remove all --log-error configuration options for --syslog to take effect.
  230103 01:06:48 mysqld_safe Logging to '/tmp/tmp.JlE4sdUMZz.err'.
  230103 01:06:49 mysqld_safe Starting mariadbd daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
  Running '/etc/init.d/mariadb start' failed with error log:
  230103 01:06:49 mysqld_safe Starting mariadbd daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd (mysqld 10.5.18-MariaDB-0+deb11u1) starting as process 10417 ...
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 134217728, chunk size = 134217728
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
  2023-01-03  1:06:49 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Invalid flags 0x4800 in ./ibdata1
  ...

Adapted from upstream commit 8171f9da but separated only the datadir
section from the commit and wrote it in a way that does not trigger
Shellcheck or English grammar nags.

This check is intentionally not added to the preinst script as was done
upstream in 30fb72ca as the preinst script will always create the
data directory if missing, and thus checking for it right after the
creation is moot.

Fix a large amount of minor fixes to maintainer scripts and other done
downstream in the official Debian packaging.

Changes include:

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/38198d0b9e1c7821ddd074e308b25034bdcdce5b
> Limit check of running mysqld/mariadbd to system users (Closes: #1032047)
>
> If a random user has their own copy of mysqld/mariadbd running, the
> dpkg maintainer script should not care about it.

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/8116354d22e0b8eade6d8f0594c57300d5d5cff5
> Make error more helpful in case server restart fails (Related: #1033234)
>
> Bugs such as https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1033234
> and https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/mariadb-10.6/+bug/2011293
> show that currently dpkg stopping on service stop/start does not have
> a very helpful error message.

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/8675e97202171812a1afdb438a17cb29a99836fb
> Complement upstream commits with more complete mysql->mariadb conversion
>
> The upstream commit 952af4a1 missed some places where 'mysql' or
> 'MySQL' can and should be converted to use 'mariadb' or 'MariaDB'.

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/c98361330063e7dccbf8d21aa20e48179ba5c1e4
> Fix indentation in Debian post and pre scripts
>
> There is several misindentation inside Debian post and pre
> installation scripts. False indentation with space as indent space
> should be 2 and indentation with tabs.
>
> Adopt upstream commit 7cbb45d1 in Debian by conserving customizations
> in:
> - debian/mariadb-server.postinst
> - debian/mariadb-server.postrm
> - debian/mariadb-server.preinst

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/d0bcab443fa6d44084dc674ba29b79516c6239ba
> Ensure spaces are used everywhere instead of tabs for indentation

https://salsa.debian.org/mariadb-team/mariadb-server/-/commit/0300a9157cc69f75e01ac9c0d6e033d8be661492
> Complement previous upstream commits to fix Shellcheck issues
>
> - Unify if/then and while/do on separate lines
> - Fix indentation to be consistent
> - Use "$()" instead of backticks for subshells
> - Exit code cannot be -1, must be 0-255
> - Remove unused variables MYCHECK and MYCHECK_PARAMS
> - Rewrite messy command-line database calls to an easier to read form
>   that does exactly the same
> - Use 'command -v' test instead of 'which'
>
> With this commit, all of debian/* is Shellcheck clean.

Also
* Update mariadb.conf.d template to tell users where to create logdir
  if they are not using journald
* Remove use of work 'slave'
* Add minor workaround for Debian Bug #1022994 if TMPDIR is empty
* Make start/stop in maintainer scripts correctly check mariadbd
  ownership and only start/stop processes owned by root or 'mysql'
* Remove obsolete 'NO_UPDATE_BUILD_VERSION=1' as it did not affect the
  RocksDB build reproducibility as previously assumed
* Run 'wrap-and-sort -av'

- Unify on MTR_SKIP_TEST_LIST in both d/rules and autopkgtests
- Unify MTR command in both d/rules and autopkgtests
- Make d/rules section more verbose to help debugging why tests
  sometimes ran and sometimes not
- If MTR fails, make the log a bit more verbose
  (inspired by https://github.com/MariaDB/buildbot/pull/76/files)

The way DPKG_GENSYMBOLS_CHECK_LEVEL was exported did not actually
have any effect on the build. Fix the syntax so that build will
indeed fail if there there are new symbols in new upstream version.

- mariadb-server: recursive-privilege-change "chown -R"
- use correct URL https://jira.mariadb.org everywhere
- dependency-is-not-multi-archified libmariadb-dev-compat depends on libmariadb-dev (multi-arch: no)
- dependency-is-not-multi-archified mariadb-plugin-gssapi-client depends on mariadb-client (multi-arch: no)

Based on riscv64 build logs the RocksDB plugin currently builds fine on
it, and the riscv64 platform is 64-bit and has correct endianness for
RocksDB, so all the pre-requisites for it working exist, so it should
work.

Make sure that Debian respects systemd disabled by bumping
to deb compat 11 which is available from Debian 10 and Ubuntu 20.04
and it provides better integration with systemd.

Start using dh_installsystemd which is new recommended way
in compat 11

As mariadb.pc contains mostly the same than
libmariadb.pc and it mainly only creates distortion
for client developers. They use libmariadb.pc not mariadb.pc
(which is for embbeded use mainly).

Move mariadb.pc to not-installed from libmariadbd-dev
to clear out this situation

There is some package-contains-documentation-outside-usr-share-doc that
are better to be there than move somewhere else. They are:

 * mariadb-server: package-contains-documentation-outside-usr-share-doc [usr/share/mysql/errmsg-utf8.txt]
 * mariadb-server-core: package-contains-documentation-outside-usr-share-doc [usr/share/mysql/charsets/README]
 * mariadb-test: package-contains-documentation-outside-usr-share-doc [usr/share/mysql/mysql-test/README]

Also fix Mroonga

 * mariadb-plugin-mroonga: extra-license-file [usr/share/mysql/mroonga/COPYING]

There is couple spare-manual-page problems which means that
there is man page but no binary for that.

wsrep_sst_backup is in not-installed and man page is in
mariadb-server package. Move man page also to not-installed

mysql-test-run.pl is in unusual location which makes
lintian think that it not available.

There is unused override which is not needed an polluting
output

 * unused-override arch-dependent-file-not-in-arch-specific-directory usr/bin/mariadb_config [usr/share/lintian/overrides/libmariadb-dev:2]

Lintian warn that mariadb-common and mysql-common descriptions
are sypnosis as they contain dot but dots are used in other
purposes so they are just false-positives:

 * mysql-common: synopsis-is-a-sentence "MariaDB client common configuration files package (e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf)"
 * mariadb-server: unused-debconf-template mariadb-server/old_data_directory_saved [templates:2]

Lot's of binaries have 'spelling errors' which are there in
purpose and they are simply false positives some list of them
are:

 * I: libmariadbd19: spelling-error-in-binary noone no one [usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmariadbd.so.19]
 * I: libmariadbd19: spelling-error-in-binary thats that's [usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmariadbd.so.19]
 * I: libmariadbd19: spelling-error-in-binary theres there's [usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmariadbd.so.19]
 * I: libmariadbd19: spelling-error-in-binary yuR your [usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmariadbd.so.19]
 * I: mariadb-backup: spelling-error-in-binary exising existing [usr/bin/mariadb-backup]
 * I: mariadb-backup: spelling-error-in-binary noone no one [usr/bin/mariadb-backup]
 ...

 which are being handled

When new man pages are generated for libmariadb13 then manpage
typos are fixed and now they just pollute Lintian output

 * typo-in-manual-page handshak handshake [usr/share/man/man3/mariadb_get_infov.3.gz:173]
 * typo-in-manual-page occured occurred [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_ping.3.gz:39]
 * typo-in-manual-page occured occurred [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_set_character_set.3.gz:37]
 * typo-in-manual-page occured occurred [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_stmt_error.3.gz:30]
 * typo-in-manual-page occured occurred [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_stmt_reset.3.gz:27]
 * typo-in-manual-page occured occurred [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_store_result.3.gz:34]
 * typo-in-manual-page releated related [usr/share/man/man3/mariadb_get_infov.3.gz:8]
 * typo-in-manual-page reponse response [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_send_query.3.gz:8]
 * typo-in-manual-page seperated separated [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_real_connect.3.gz:144]
 * typo-in-manual-page seperated separated [usr/share/man/man3/mysql_real_connect.3.gz:148]
 * typo-in-manual-page sucess success [usr/share/man/man3/mariadb_reconnect.3.gz:25]

There is lot of warnings like this:

 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [extra/wolfssl/wolfssl/IDE/WIN10/resource.h]
 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [extra/wolfssl/wolfssl/IDE/WIN10/wolfssl-fips.rc]
 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [extra/wolfssl/wolfssl/resource.h]
 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [storage/columnstore/columnstore/dbcon/ddlpackageproc/libddlpackageproc.rc]
 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [storage/columnstore/columnstore/dbcon/ddlpackageproc/resource.h]
 * source-contains-autogenerated-visual-c++-file [storage/columnstore/columnstore/dbcon/dmlpackageproc/libdmlpackageproc.rc]

Which are needed and should be there. They are just false-positives

Also MariaDB rebuilds these Java arhives but they are available for testing purposes still
so they are also false-positives

 * source-contains-prebuilt-java-object [storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/std_data/JavaWrappers.jar]
 * source-contains-prebuilt-java-object [storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/std_data/JdbcMariaDB.jar]
 * source-contains-prebuilt-java-object [storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/std_data/Mongo2.jar]
 * source-contains-prebuilt-java-object [storage/connect/mysql-test/connect/std_data/Mongo3.jar]

Some packages are needed to conflict packages that are not in
this package and they emerge some warnings. Remove them from
lintian output as they are not errors or something that should
be handled.

I: libmariadb-dev: conflicts-with-version libmariadb-dev-compat (<< 3.0.0)
I: libmariadb-dev-compat: conflicts-with-version libmariadbclient-dev (<< 1:10.11.8+maria~deb11)
I: libmariadb3: conflicts-with-version libmariadbclient18 (<< 10.2.0)
I: mariadb-client: conflicts-with-version mysql-client (<< 5.0.51)
I: mariadb-client-core: conflicts-with-version mysql-client (<< 5.0.51)

 lintian output

Lintian have many warnings that there is shebang '/bin/sh' which can
be populary /bin/bash or /bin/zsh but also many others like Ksh
or even Fish.

Warned lintian problems are testing that are run under Bash or some other
shell so they are or they are words in comments like let

 * I: mariadb-client: bash-term-in-posix-shell '`echo "testing\c"' [usr/bin/mariadb-secure-installation:191]
 * I: mariadb-server: bash-term-in-posix-shell '${BASH_VERSION' [usr/share/mysql/wsrep_notify:86]
 * I: mariadb-server: bash-term-in-posix-shell '[ "$url" ==' [usr/bin/mariadbd-safe:216]
 * I: mariadb-server: bash-term-in-posix-shell 'let' [usr/bin/mariadbd-safe:41]
 * I: mariadb-server: bash-term-in-posix-shell 'ulimit' [usr/bin/mariadbd-safe:712]
 * I: mariadb-server: bash-term-in-posix-shell 'ulimit' [usr/bin/mariadbd-safe:832]
 * I: mariadb-server-core: bash-term-in-posix-shell 'source tree,' [usr/bin/mariadb-install-db:93]
 * I: mariadb-test-data: bash-term-in-posix-shell '${BASH_VERSION' [usr/share/mysql/mysql-test/std_data/wsrep_notify.sh:87]
 * I: mariadb-test-data: bash-term-in-posix-shell '${BASH_VERSION' [usr/share/mysql/mysql-test/std_data/wsrep_notify_ssl.sh:87]

These are not big ones.

These are needed in *BSD family

 * incorrect-path-for-interpreter /usr/bin/env perl != /usr/bin/perl [usr/share/mysql/mysql-test/mariadb-stress-test.pl]
 * incorrect-path-for-interpreter /usr/bin/env perl != /usr/bin/perl [usr/share/mysql/mysql-test/mariadb-test-run.pl]

and these are needed to make sure that these packages get removed if they exist:

 * version-substvar-for-external-package Replaces ${source:Version} libmariadb-dev -> libmysqlclient-dev [debian/control:*]
 * version-substvar-for-external-package Replaces ${source:Version} libmariadb-dev -> libmysqld-dev [debian/control:*]
 * version-substvar-for-external-package Replaces ${source:Version} libmariadbd-dev -> libmariadbclient-dev [debian/control:*]

There is not-installed static libraries which only
have x86-64 path so they will be installed in other
architectures like ARM. Fix them replacing with '*'
char

 * W: mariadb source: unwanted-path-too-specific

Lintian overdrives tends to rot and with Debian 12
Lintian got overhaul with syntax changes which made
most of the old overrides obsoleted. Change old ones
to new ones and remove unneeded onews also add some
needed overrides.

 * W: mariadb-test-data: mismatched-override *
   - There was serveral old syntax overrides which should be just removed

 * W: mariadb-test-data: national-encoding  *
   - There is lot's test files which are in ISO/IEC 8859-1 encoding
     and not UTF-8 for purpose. Remove then from polluting lintian

 * W: mariadb-plugin-provider-bzip2: mismatched-override
 * W: mariadb-plugin-provider-lz4: mismatched-override
 * W: mariadb-plugin-provider-lzma: mismatched-override
 * W: mariadb-plugin-provider-lzo: mismatched-override
 * W: mariadb-plugin-provider-snappy: mismatched-override
   - Remove old style overrides from packages

 * W: mariadb-test: shared-library-lacks-prerequisites [usr/lib/mysql/plugin/auth_0x0100.so]
 * W: mariadb-test: shared-library-lacks-prerequisites [usr/lib/mysql/plugin/debug_key_management.so]
 * W: mariadb-test: shared-library-lacks-prerequisites [usr/lib/mysql/plugin/test_sql_service.so]
   - These libraries are like that for a purpose

Debian control file has few lintian warning level notifications

 * mariadb-test: breaks-without-version mariadb-server-5.5
   - Several packages conflicts with mariadb-server-5.5 but
     on mariadb-test breaks without it so it's controversial
     and can be resolved only with conflicting in mariadb-test

 * W: libmariadbd-dev: extended-description-line-too-long line 6
 * W: mariadb-plugin-cracklib-password-check: extended-description-line-too-long line 4
   - Lines are too long (over 80 chars) and they are just separated
     to new line.

MDEV-34274 did not fix the test failure. The test has a START SLAVE
UNTIL condition, where we can't use sync_with_master_gtid.inc,
wait_for_slave_to_start.inc, or wait_for_slave_to_stop.inc because
our MTR connection thread races with the start/stop of the SQL/IO
threads. So instead, for slave start, we prove the threads started
by waiting for the connection count to increase by 2; and for slave
stop, we wait for the processlist count to return to its pre start
slave number.

MDEV-34274: Test rpl.rpl_change_master_demote frequently fails on buildbot with "IO thread should not be running..."

Note this is a backport of 8c8b3ab7
from 11.1.

The test rpl.rpl_change_master_demote used a `sleep 1` command
to give time for a START SLAVE UNTIL to start the slave threads
and wait for them to automatically die by UNTIL.  On machines
with heavy load (especially MSAN bb builders), one second was
not enough, and the test would fail due to the IO thread
still being up.

This patch fixes the test by replacing the sleep with specific
conditions to wait for. The test cannot wait for the IO or SQL
threads to start, as it would be possible that they would be
started and stopped by the time the MTR executor would check
the slave status. So instead, we test for proof that they
existed via the Connections status variable being incremented
by at least 2 (Connections just shows the global thread id).
At this point, we still can't use the wait_for_slave_to_stop
helper, as the SQL/IO_Running fields of SHOW SLAVE STATUS
may not be updated yet. So instead, we use
information_schema.processlist, which would show the presence
of the Slave_SQL/IO threads. So to "wait for the slave to stop",
we wait for the Slave_SQL/IO threads to be gone from the
processlist.

Numerous fixes included from upstream.

/utf8 needed for Windows, but may as well
enable globally.

my_like_range*() can create longer keys than Field::char_length().
This caused warnings during print_range().

Fix:

Suppressing warnings in print_range().

Line numbers had to be removed from the ignorelists in order to be
diffed against since locations of the same findings can differ
across runs. Therefore preprocessing has to be done on the CI findings
so that it can be compared to the ignorelist and new findings can be
outputted. However, since line numbers have to be removed, a situation
occurs where it is difficult to reference the location of findings
in code given the output of the CI job.

To lessen this pain, change the cppcheck template to include
code snippets which make it easier to reference where in the code
the finding is referring to, even in the absence of line numbers.
Ignorelisting works as before since locations of the finding may
change but not the code it is referring to.

Furthermore, due to the innate difficulty in maintaining ignorelists
across branches and triaging new findings, allow failure as to not
have constantly failing pipelines as a result of a new findings that
have not been addressed yet.

Lastly, update SAST ignorelists to match the newly refactored cppcheck
job and the current state of the codebase.

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several
files that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed
under the BSD-new license. I am contributing on behalf of my
employer Amazon Web Services, Inc.

Rectify cases of mismatched brackets and address
possible cases of division by zero by checking if
the denominator is zero before dividing.

No functional changes were made.

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several
files that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed
under the BSD-new license. I am contributing on behalf of my
employer Amazon Web Services, Inc.

crc32_avx512(): Explicitly cast ssize_t(size) to make it clear that
we are indeed applying a negative offset to a pointer.

The issue was that when repairing an Aria table of row format PAGE and
the data file was bigger the 4G, the data file length was cut short
because of wrong parameters to MY_ALIGN().

The effect was that ALTER TABLE, OPTIMIZE TABLE or REPAIR TABLE would fail
on these tables, possibly corrupting them.
The MDEV also exposed a bug where error state was not propagated properly
to the upper level if the number of rows in the table changed.