automatic reconnect

A client with automatic reconnect enabled will see the error
message "Lost connection to MySQL server during query" if the
connection is lost between mysql_stmt_prepare() and
mysql_stmt_execute(). The mysql_stmt_errno() number, however,
is 0 -- not the corresponding value 2013.

This patch checks for the case where the prepared statement
has been pruned due to a connection loss (i.e., stmt->mysql
has been set to NULL) during a call to cli_advanced_command(),
and avoids changing the last_errno to the result of the last
reconnect attempt.

The default value of the myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size could be
higher than the maximum accepted value, leading to warnings upon
the server start.

The solution is to simply set the value to the maximum value in a
32-bit built (2147483647, one less than the current). This should
be harmless as the option is currently unused in 5.1.

include/myisam.h:
  Remove now-unused macro.
sql/mysqld.cc:
  Set max value to INT_MAX32.

The problem was that a user could supply supply data in chunks
via the COM_STMT_SEND_LONG_DATA command to prepared statement
parameter other than of type TEXT or BLOB. This posed a problem
since other parameter types aren't setup to handle long data,
which would lead to a crash when attempting to use the supplied
data.

Given that long data can be supplied at any stage of a prepared
statement, coupled with the fact that the type of a parameter
marker might change between consecutive executions, the solution
is to validate at execution time each parameter marker for which
a data stream was provided. If the parameter type is not TEXT or
BLOB (that is, if the type is not able to handle a data stream),
a error is returned.

sql/sql_prepare.cc:
  Before converting the parameter data stream, check the type
  compatibility.
tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Add test case.

DROP USER 
RENAME USER CURRENT_USER() ...
GRANT ... TO CURRENT_USER()
REVOKE ... FROM CURRENT_USER()
ALTER DEFINER = CURRENT_USER() EVENTbut, When these statements are binlogged, CURRENT_USER() just is binlogged
as 'CURRENT_USER()', it is not expanded to the real user name. When slave 
executes the log event, 'CURRENT_USER()' is expand to the user of slave 
SQL thread, but SQL thread's user name always NULL. This breaks the replication.

After this patch, session's user will be written into query log events 
if these statements call CURREN_USER() or 'ALTER EVENT' does not assign a definer.


mysql-test/include/diff_tables.inc:
  Expend its abilities.
  Now it can diff not only in sessions of 'master' and 'slave', but 
  other sessions as well.
mysql-test/include/rpl_diff_tables.inc:
  Diff the same table between master and slaves.
sql/log_event.cc:
  session's user will be written into Query_log_event, if is_current_user_used() is TRUE.
  On slave SQL thread, Only thd->variables.current_user is written into Query_log_event,
  if it exists.
sql/sql_acl.cc:
  On slave SQL thread, grantor should copy from thd->variables.current_user, if it exists
sql/sql_class.h:
  On slave SQL thread, thd->variables.current_user is used to store the applying event's
  invoker.

This deadlock happened if DROP DATABASE was blocked due to an open
HANDLER table from a different connection. While DROP DATABASE
is blocked, it holds the LOCK_mysql_create_db mutex. This results
in a deadlock if the connection with the open HANDLER table tries
to execute a CREATE/ALTER/DROP DATABASE statement as they all
try to acquire LOCK_mysql_create_db.

This patch makes this deadlock scenario very unlikely by closing and
marking for re-open all HANDLER tables for which there are pending
conflicing locks, before LOCK_mysql_create_db is acquired.
However, there is still a very slight possibility that a connection
could access one of these HANDLER tables between closing/marking for
re-open and the acquisition of LOCK_mysql_create_db.

This patch is for 5.1 only, a separate and complete fix will be
made for 5.5+.

Test case added to schema.test.

During creation of the table list of
processed tables hidden I_S table 'VARIABLES'
is erroneously added into the table list.
it leads to ER_UNKNOWN_TABLE error in
TABLE_LIST::add_table_to_list() function.
The fix is to skip addition of hidden I_S
tables into the table list.


mysql-test/r/information_schema.result:
  test case
mysql-test/t/information_schema.test:
  test case
sql/sql_show.cc:
  The fix is to skip addition of hidden I_S
  tables into the table list.

require O(#scans) memory

When an index merge operation was restarted, it would
re-allocate the Unique object controlling the duplicate row
ID elimination. Fixed by making the Unique object a member
of QUICK_INDEX_MERGE_SELECT and thus reusing it throughout
the lifetime of this object.

file .\filesort.cc, line 149 (part II)

Problem: the server didn't disregard sort order 
for some zero length tuples.

Fix: skip sort order in such a case 
(zero length NOT NULL string functions).


mysql-test/r/select.result:
  Fix for bug #54459: Assertion failed: param.sort_length, 
  file .\filesort.cc, line 149 (part II)
    - test result.
mysql-test/t/select.test:
  Fix for bug #54459: Assertion failed: param.sort_length, 
  file .\filesort.cc, line 149 (part II)
    - test case.
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Fix for bug #54459: Assertion failed: param.sort_length, 
  file .\filesort.cc, line 149 (part II)
    - disregard sort order for zero length NOT NULL string functions
  along with zero length NOT NULL fields.

Incorrect handling of NULL arguments could lead to a crash on
the IN or CASE operations when either NULL arguments were
passed explicitly as arguments (IN) or implicitly generated by
the WITH ROLLUP modifier (both IN and CASE).

Item_func_case::find_item() assumed all necessary comparators
to be instantiated in fix_length_and_dec(). However, in the
presence of WITH ROLLUP modifier, arguments could be
substituted with an Item_null leading to an "unexpected"
STRING_RESULT comparator being invoked.

In addition to the problem identical to the above,
Item_func_in::val_int() could crash even with explicitly passed
NULL arguments due to an optimization in fix_length_and_dec()
leading to NULL arguments being ignored during comparators
creation.


mysql-test/r/func_in.result:
  Test cases for bug#54477.
mysql-test/t/func_in.test:
  Test cases for bug#54477.
sql/item_cmpfunc.cc:
  Added additional checks for Item_nulls in 
  Item_func_case::find_item() and Item_func_in::val_int().