Before this fix, two performance schema unit tests crashed on windows.

The problem was a missing initialization to PFS_atomics,
which caused the crash only for platform not compiled with native atomics.

This fix adds the missing initialization in the unit tests.
No production code was changed, this is a unit test bug only.

MAP 'REPAIR TABLE' TO RECREATE +ANALYZE FOR ENGINES NOT
SUPPORTING NATIVE REPAIR

Executing 'mysqlcheck --check-upgrade --auto-repair ...' will first issue
'CHECK TABLE FOR UPGRADE' for all tables in the database in order to check if the
tables are compatible with the current version of MySQL. Any tables that are
found incompatible are then upgraded using 'REPAIR TABLE'.

The problem was that some engines (e.g. InnoDB) do not support 'REPAIR TABLE'.
This caused any such tables to be left incompatible. As a result such tables were
not properly fixed by the mysql_upgrade tool.

This patch fixes the problem by first changing 'CHECK TABLE FOR UPGRADE' to return
a different error message if the engine does not support REPAIR. Instead of
"Table upgrade required. Please do "REPAIR TABLE ..." it will report
"Table rebuild required. Please do "ALTER TABLE ... FORCE ..."

Second, the patch changes mysqlcheck to do 'ALTER TABLE ... FORCE' instead of
'REPAIR TABLE' in these cases.

This patch also fixes 'ALTER TABLE ... FORCE' to actually rebuild the table.
This change should be reflected in the documentation. Before this patch,
'ALTER TABLE ... FORCE' was unused (See Bug#11746162)

Test case added to mysqlcheck.test


client/mysqlcheck.c:
  Changed mysqlcheck to do 'ALTER TABLE ... FORCE' if
  'CHECK TABLE FOR UPGRADE' reports ER_TABLE_NEEDS_REBUILD
  and not ER_TABLE_NEEDS_UPGRADE.
mysql-test/r/mysqlcheck.result:
  Added regression test.
mysql-test/std_data/bug47205.frm:
  InnoDB 5.0 FRM which contains a varchar primary key using
  utf8_general_ci. This is an incompatible FRM for 5.5.
mysql-test/t/mysqlcheck.test:
  Added regression test.
sql/handler.h:
  Added new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag.
sql/share/errmsg-utf8.txt:
  Added new error message ER_TABLE_NEEDS_REBUILD
sql/sql_admin.cc:
  Changed 'CHECK TABLE FOR UPDATE' to give ER_TABLE_NEEDS_REBUILD
  instead of ER_TABLE_NEEDS_UPGRADE if the engine does not support
  REPAIR (as indicated by the new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag).
sql/sql_lex.h:
  Remove unused ALTER_FORCE flag.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Make sure ALTER TABLE ... FORCE recreates the table
  by setting the ALTER_RECREATE flag as the ALTER_FORCE
  flag was unused.
storage/archive/ha_archive.h:
  Added new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag to Archive
storage/csv/ha_tina.h:
  Added new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag to CSV
storage/federated/ha_federated.h:
  Added new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag to Federated
storage/myisam/ha_myisam.cc:
  Added new HA_CAN_REPAIR flag to MyISAM

              NON-PRIMARY UNIQUE INDEX USING INNODB

This patch adds the HA_INPLACE_ADD_UNIQUE_INDEX_NO_WRITE
capability flag to InnoDB, indicating that concurrent reads
can be allowed while non-primary unique indexes are created.

This is an follow-up to Bug #11751388 which enabled concurrent
reads when creating non-primary non-unique indexes.

Test case added to innodb_mysql_sync.test.

FLUSH TABLES under FLUSH TABLES <list> WITH READ LOCK leads 
to assert failure.

This assert was triggered if a statement tried up upgrade a metadata
lock with an active FLUSH TABLE <list> WITH READ LOCK. The assert 
checks that the connection already holds a global intention exclusive
metadata lock. However, FLUSH TABLE <list> WITH READ LOCK does not
acquire this lock in order to be compatible with FLUSH TABLES WITH
READ LOCK. Therefore any metadata lock upgrade caused the assert to
be triggered.

This patch fixes the problem by preventing metadata lock upgrade
if the connection has an active FLUSH TABLE <list> WITH READ LOCK.
ER_TABLE_NOT_LOCKED_FOR_WRITE will instead be reported to the client.

Test case added to flush.test.

  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_latin1.result
  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_utf8.result
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_latin1.test
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_utf8.test
  Adding tests

  @ sql/mysqld.h
  @ sql/item.cc
  @ sql/sql_parse.cc
  @ sql/sql_view.cc

  Refactoring (thanks to Guilhem for the idea):

  Item_string::print() was hard to understand because of the different
  QT_ constants: in "query_type==QT_x", QT_x is explicitely included
  but the other two QT_ are implicitely excluded. The combinations
  with '||' and '&&' make this even harder.
  - logic is now more "explicit" by changing QT_ constants to a bitmap of flags:
    QT_ORDINARY: no change,
    QT_IS -> QT_TO_SYSTEM_CHARSET | QT_WITHOUT_INTRODUCERS,
    QT_EXPLAIN -> QT_TO_SYSTEM_CHARSET
    (QT_EXPLAIN was introduced in the first version of the Bug#57341 patch)
  - Item_string::print() is rewritten using those flags

  Bugfix itself:

  When QT_TO_SYSTEM_CHARSET is used alone (with no QT_WITHOUT_INTRODUCERS),
  we print string literals as follows:

  - display introducers if they were in the original query
  - print ASCII characters as is
  - print non-ASCII characters using hex-escape
  Note: as "EXPLAIN" output is only for human readability purposes
  and does not need to be a pasrable SQL, so using hex-escape is Ok.
  ErrConvString class perfectly suites for hex escaping purposes.

               CLIENT CONFIGURATION.

At startup, MySQL server/client programs do not read
configuration file pointed by MYSQL_HOME environment
variable.

This happened as, this environment variable was
handled by a different variable (DEFAULT_HOME_ENV)
in the code, which was ne'er initialized.

Fixed by changing it to MYSQL_HOME.


mysys/default.c:
  BUG 11766219 : 59280: $MYSQL_HOME IS NOT USED FOR THE
                 CLIENT CONFIGURATION.
  
  In the current build environment, the variable
  DEFAULT_HOME_ENV is no more found being initialized
  to MYSQL_HOME (as was the case earlier). Changed the
  variable name to MYSQL_HOME.

              from 5.1 to 5.5

(Former 59405)

In this bug, args[0] in an Item_func_find_in_set stored an 
Item_func_weekday that was constant. In 
Item_func_find_in_set::fix_length_and_dec(), args[0]->val_str() 
was called. Later, when Item_func_find_in_set::val_int() was 
called, args[0]->null_value was checked. However, the 
Item_func_weekday in args[0] had now been replaced with an 
Item_cache. No val_*() calls had been made to this Item_cache,
thus null_value was incorrectly 'true', resulting in missing 
rows in the result set.

enum_value gets a value in fix_length_and_dec() iff args[0]
is both constant and non-null. It is therefore unnecessary 
to check the null_value of args[0] in val_int().

An alternative fix would be to call args[0]->val_int() inside 
Item_func_find_in_set::val_int(). This would ensure
args[0]->null_value was set correctly (always false in this case), 
but that would have to be done for every record this const value 
is checked against.


mysql-test/r/func_set.result:
  Add test for BUG#59405
mysql-test/t/func_set.test:
  Add test for BUG#59405

Part 2. Function QUOTE() was not multi-byte safe.

  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_ucs.result
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_ucs.test
  Adding tests

  @ sql/item_strfunc.cc
  Fixing Item_func_quote::val_str to be multi-byte safe.

  @ sql/item_strfunc.h
  Multiple size needed for quote characters to mbmaxlen

      
Problem: wrong character set pointer was passed to my_strtoll10_mb2,
which led to DBUG_ASSERT failure in some cases.

  @ mysql-test/r/func_encrypt_ucs2.result
  @ mysql-test/t/func_encrypt_ucs2.test
  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_ucs.result
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_ucs.test
  Adding tests

  @ sql/item_func.cc
  "cs" initialization was wrong (res does not necessarily point to &str_value)

  @ sql/item_strfunc.cc
  Item_func_dec_encrypt::val_str() and Item_func_des_descrypt::val_str()
  did not set character set for tmp_value (the returned value),
  so the old value, which was previously copied from args[1]->val_str(),
  was incorrectly returned with tmp_value.

Bug#11765108 - Bug#58036: CLIENT UTF32, UTF16, UCS2 SHOULD BE DISALLOWED, THEY CRASH SERVER 

Fixing wrong usage of DBUG_ASSERT.
In non-debug version thd_init_client_charset
was not executed at all.

Bug#11769332 : These tests crash on windows which leads to cdb hang. This results in very long runtime. Disable till the bug is fixed

Bug#11769332 : Disable in daily runs till the bug is fixed. These tests crash the server abd can lead to cdb hang on windows

Post-merge fix: equal sign is now meaningless, the
string being printed was already preceded by a colon.

Result File Correction For Bug Fix

Problem: a byte behind the end of input string was read
in case of a broken XML not having a quote or doublequote
character closing a string value.

Fix: changing condition not to read behind the end of input string

  @ mysql-test/r/xml.result
  @ mysql-test/t/xml.test
  Adding tests

  @ strings/xml.c
  When checking if the closing quote/doublequote was found,
  using p->cur[0] us unsafe, as p->cur can point to the byte after the value.
  Comparing p->cur to p->beg instead.

Problem: in case of string CASE/WHEN arguments with different
character sets, Item_func_case::find_item() called comparator
cmp_items[x] on mixed character set Items, so a 8-bit value could
be errouneously referenced to as being utf16/utf32 value,
which led to crash on DBUG_ASSERT() because of wrong value length.
This was wrong, as string comparator expects arguments in the same
character set.

Fix: modify Item_func_case's argument list after calling
agg_arg_charsets_for_comparison() - put the Items in "agg" array
back to "args", because some of the Items in the "agg" array might
have been changed to character set converters:
- to Item_func_conv_charset for non-constant items
- to Item_string for constant items

In other words, perform the same substitution which is done in
all other operations string comparison or string result operations:

Replace
  CASE         latin1_item              WHEN utf16_item THEN ... END
to
  CASE CONVERT(latin1_item USING utf16) WHEN utf16_item THEN ... END

Replace
  CASE utf16_item WHEN         latin1_item              THEN ... END
to
  CASE utf16_item WHEN CONVERT(latin1_item USING utf16) THEN ... END


  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_utf16.result
  @ mysql-test/r/ctype_utf32.result
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_utf16.test
  @ mysql-test/t/ctype_utf32.test
  Adding tests

  @ sql/item_cmpfunc.cc
  Put "agg" back to "args".

  @ sql/sql_string.cc
  Backporting a fix for String::set_or_copy_aligned() from 5.6,
  for better test coverage:
  "SELECT _utf16 0x61" should expand the string to 0x0061 rather
  than to 0x000061.
  This fix was made in 5.6 under terms of "WL#4616 Implement UTF16-LE".

Bug#11763065 - 55730: KILL_SERVER() CALLS SETEVENT ON A NULL 
               HANDLE, SMEM_EVENT_CONNECT_REQUEST
      
Application Verifier is a Microsoft tool used for
detecting certain classes of programming errors.
In particular, MS Windows OS resource usage is
monitored for wrong usage (handles, thread local
storage, critical sections, ...)
      
In MySQL 5.5.x, an error was introduced where an
object on thread local storage was used before the
TLS and the object was created.
      
The fix has been to move the mysys initialization
to an earlier stage in the boot process when built for
Windows.  For non-win builds, the init already happens
early.

Some un-tangling of calls to my_init(), my_basic_init()
and my_thread_global_init() was done.  There is no
longer a need to do init in steps, so the full my_init()
is called instead of my_init_basic().
      
In addition,  Bug#11763065 was fixed.  The event handle
'smem_event_connect_request' is only created if
'opt_enable_shared_memory' is set.  When killing the
server, an event was flagged on the handle
unconditionally.  Added a test, so it will only be
flagged if created.


include/my_pthread.h:
  my_thread_basic_global_init is no longer
  necessary, and the my_thread_basic_global_reinit 
  function is renamed to reflect that it now
  reinits mutexes and condvars originating from
  my_thread_global_init
mysys/my_thr_init.c:
  Reorganized code.

IS FAILING".

The problem was that large_tests.lock_tables_big test was
failing due to exceeding open files limit on platforms where
this limit was set too low (this test simultaneously opens
approx. 6000 files).

This patch solves this issue by ensuring that this test is
skipped on such platforms.

mysql-test/r/filesort_debug.result:
  New test case.
mysql-test/t/filesort_debug.test:
  New test case.
sql/filesort.cc:
  thd->killed does not imply thd->is_error(), so test for that separately.

Assertion `bitmap_is_set_all(&table->s->all_set)' failed in
handler::ha_reset

Post-push fix for unit test compilation error on Windows.