MDEV-26080 fixup: fixed .result file for galera_roles test (one word must be enclosed in single quotes).

This bug was fixed by the patch for bug MDEV-26025.
Only a new test case is added here.

Problem:
Server throws OOM error when we execute twitter load with SELECTs
for UPDATE + UPDATES, and SELECT queries on tables with full-text
index.
FTS cache->total_memory store count of total memory allocated to FTS
cache (for all fulltext indexes on a table).
For each word in fts cache, we store doc-id & word position in a
node->ilist.
we increment cache->total_memory with size of doc-id & word position
whereas we allocate ilist in chuck of 16, 32 ,64 bytes or 1.2 times
of last size.
When we wil insert huge amount of data into the FTS aux index tables
then collectively these small chucks for each token become huge
unaccounted memory allocated for FTS cache.

Fix:
Incremented cache->total_memory by size of chunk allocated to
node->ilist.

RB: 25286
Reviewed by : Rahul Agarkar <rahul.agarkar@oracle.com>

mysql/mysql-server@7ab5707f1c4482ed050ed9fa739e9ec0e2fc0ffa

This patch changes it so that we do not free old BP `page_hash`, but rather modify it's parameters, during resize.

RB: 26084
Reviewed-by: Marcin Babij <marcin.babij@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Yasufumi Kinoshita <yasufumi.kinoshita@oracle.com>

mysql/mysql-server@ea3adc6a1192e1bca4b4894fd7037e29fbcf0bd0

ha_innobase::prepare_inplace_alter_table(): Unless the table is
being rebuilt, determine the maximum column length based on the
current ROW_FORMAT of the table. When TABLE_SHARE (and the .frm file)
contains no explicit ROW_FORMAT, InnoDB table creation or rebuild
will use innodb_default_row_format.

Based on mysql/mysql-server@3287d33acdc4260806a2a407ca15e9d1e04dddcb

InnoDB tablespace identifiers and page numbers are 32-bit numbers.
Let us use a 32-bit type for them in innochecksum.

The changes in commit 1918bdf3
broke the build on 32-bit Windows.

Thanks to Vicențiu Ciorbaru for an initial version of this fixup.

SQL processor failed to catch references to unknown columns and other
errors of the phase of semantic analysis in the specification of a
hanging recursive CTE. This happened because the function
With_clause::prepare_unreferenced_elements() failed to detect a CTE as
a hanging CTE if the CTE was recursive.
Fixing this problem in the code of the mentioned function opened another
problem: EXPLAIN started including the lines for the specifications of
hanging recursive CTEs in its output. This problem also was fixed in this
patch.

Approved by Dmitry Shulga <dmitry.shulga@mariadb.com>

This gives a short overview over found/missing dependencies as well
as enabled/disabled features.

Initial author Heinz Wiesinger <heinz@m2mobi.com>
Additions by Vicențiu Ciorbaru <vicentiu@mariadb.org>
* Report all plugins enabled via MYSQL_ADD_PLUGIN
* Simplify code. Eliminate duplication by making use of WITH_xxx
  variable values to set feature "ON" / "OFF" state.

Reviewed by: wlad@mariadb.com (code details) serg@mariadb.com (the idea)

           from view

A crash of the server happened when executing a stored procedure whose the
only query calculated window functions over a mergeable view specified
as a select from non-mergeable view. The crash could be reproduced if
the window specifications of the window functions were identical and both
contained PARTITION lists and ORDER BY lists. A crash also happened on
the second execution of the prepared statement created for such query.
If to use derived tables or CTE instead of views the problem still
manifests itself crashing the server.

When optimizing the window specifications of a window function the
server can substitute the partition lists and the order lists for
the corresponding lists from another window specification in the case
when the lists are identical. This substitution is not permanent and should
be rolled back before the second execution. It was not done and this
ultimately led to a crash when resolving the column names at the second
execution of SP/PS.

This bug appeared after the patch for bug MDEV-23886. Due to this bug
execution of queries with CTEs used the same CTE at least twice via
prepared statements or with stored procedures caused crashes of the server.
It happened because the select created for any of not the first usage of
a CTE erroneously was not included into all_selects_list.
This patch corrects the patch applied to fix the bug MDEV-26108.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>

Store and maintain xdes pages always. And doesn't verify checksums for
freed pages.

innochecksum can work only with the first space file of multiple ones.
Tell about it and abort in case of not the first file.

In commit 2e814d47 on MariaDB 10.2
the switch case statement in trx_flush_log_if_needed_low() regressed.

Since 10.2 this code was refactored to have switches in descending
order, so value of 3 for innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit is behaving
the same as value of 2, that is no FSYNC is being enforced during
COMMIT phase. The switch should however not be empty and cases 2 and 3
should not have the identical contents.

As per documentation, setting innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit to 3
should do FSYNC to disk if innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit is set to 3.
This fixes the regression so that the switch statement again does
what users expect the setting should do.

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several files
that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed under the
BSD-new license. I am contributing on behalf of my employer Amazon Web
Services, Inc.

When building with `make` gcov files use full path names,
when building with `ninja` gcov files use paths relative to the source root

in gcov_one_file() the current directory is somewhere under CMakeFiles/,
so if a file exists in the specified location, this location
must've been a full path name.

For every file.gcda file, gcov <7.x created file.cc.gcda.gcov.
While gcov 7.x and 8.x create file.cc.gcov
And sometimes otherfile.h.gcov or otherfile.ic.gcov, for included files.

(gcov 9.x+ creates .json.gz files, see MDEV-26102)

So, we use `gcov -l` that will create file.cc.gcda##file.cc.gcov,
file.cc.gcda##otherfile.h.gcov, etc. And we search and parse all
those file.cc.gcda*.gcov files.

The bug affected execution of queries with With clauses containing so-called
hanging recursive CTEs in PREPARE mode. A CTE is hanging if it's not used
in the query. Preparation of a prepared statement from a query with a
hanging CTE caused a leak in the server and execution of this prepared
statement led to an assert failure of the server built in the debug mode.
This happened because the units specifying recursive CTEs erroneously were
not cleaned up if those CTEs were hanging.
The patch enforces cleanup of hanging recursive CTEs in the same way as
other hanging CTEs.

Approved by dmitry.shulga@mariadb.com

put defaults* options first (and together).
list --defaults-group-suffix too

Test cases like the following one produce different result sets if it's run
with and without th option --ps-protocol.

CREATE TABLE t1(a INT);
--enable_metadata
(SELECT MAX(a) FROM t1) UNION (SELECT MAX(a) FROM t1);
--disable_metadata
DROP TABLE t1;

Result sets differ in metadata for the query
  (SELECT MAX(a) FROM t1) UNION (SELECT MAX(a) FROM t1);

The reason for different content of query metadata is that for queries
with union the items being created on JOIN preparing phase is placed into
item_list from SELECT_LEX_UNIT whereas for queries without union item_list
from SELECT_LEX is used instead.

The columns that are part of DEFAULT expression were not read-marked
in statements like UPDATE...SET b=DEFAULT.

The problem is `F(DEFAULT)` expression depends of the left-hand side of an
assignment. However, setup_fields accepts only right-hand side value.
Neither Item::fix_fields does.

Suchwise, b=DEFAULT(b) works fine, because Item_default_field has
information on what field it is default of:
    if (thd->mark_used_columns != MARK_COLUMNS_NONE)
      def_field->default_value->expr->update_used_tables();

in Item_default_value::fix_fields().

It is not reasonable to pass a left-hand side to Item:fix_fields, because
the case is rare, so the rewrite
  b= F(DEFAULT)  ->  b= F(DEFAULT(b))

is made instead.

Both UPDATE and multi-UPDATE are affected, however any form of INSERT
is not: it marks all the fields in DEFAULT expressions for read in
TABLE::mark_default_fields_for_write().

If test_if_skip_sort_order() decides to use an index to produce required
ordering,  it should disable "Range Checked for each record" optimization.

This is because Range-Checked-for-each-record may decide to use an index
(or an index_merge) which will not produce the required ordering.

Thanks to @shinguz for helping with this.
This a backport commit from 10.7

The function spider_db_append_key_where_internal() converts
HA_READ_AFTER_KEY to '>'. The conversion seems to be correct for
single-column indexes because HA_READ_AFTER_KEY means "read the
key after the provided value."

However, how about multi-column indexes? Assume that there is a
multi-column index on c1 and c2 and we search with the condition
'c1 >= 100 AND c2 > 200'. The key_range.flag corresponds to the
search condition could be HA_READ_AFTER_KEY. In such a case,
we could not simply convert HA_READ_AFTER_KEY to '>'.

The correct conversion is to convert HA_READ_AFTER_KEY to '>'
only for the last column in key_part_map and to convert
HA_READ_AFTER_KEY to '>=' for the other column.

The similar discussion also applies to the conversion from
key_range.flag to a sign of inequality.

changed rpm db query to output only version for libsepol and not release/buildnumber

The problem is the same as in MDEV-18166: columns in virtual field
expression are not marked for read, while the field itself does.

field->register_field_in_read_map() should be called for read-marking all
fields.

The test is reproduced only in 10.4+, however the fix is applicable to
10.2+.

Reformulate mark_columns_used_by_index* function family in a more laconic
way:

mark_columns_used_by_index -> mark_index_columns
mark_columns_used_by_index_for_read_no_reset -> mark_index_columns_for_read
mark_columns_used_by_index_no_reset -> mark_index_columns_no_reset
static mark_index_columns -> do_mark_index_columns

Several different test cases were failing under the same reason: the
fields in a vcol expression were not marked during marking columns of a key
contatining virtual column for read.

Fix: make marking columns of a key for read a special case where
register_field_in_read_map() is done instead of plain bitmap_set_bit().

Some test cases are only reproducible in 10.4+, but the fix is applicable
to 10.2+

This is a 10.2+ part of a jira task

The two bugs regarding virtual column marking have been fixed:

1. UPDATE of a partitioned table, where the optimizer has chosen a
 secondary index to make a filesort;
2. INSERT into a table with a nonblob field generated from a blob, with
 binlog enabled and binlog_row_image=noblob.

3. DELETE from a view on a table with virtual column.

Generally the assertion happens from update_virtual_fields() call

These bugs are root-caused by missing field marking for dependant fields
of a virtual column.

Therefore a fix is: mark all the fields involved in the vcol expression by
calling field->register_field_in_read_map() instead just setting a single
bit.

3 was reproducible only on 10.4+, however the problem might has just been
invisible in the earlier versions. The fix is applicable to 10.2-10.3 as
well.

The failing reason was inconsistent truncation rules: the value of virtual
column could have been evaluated to '2000' sometimes instead of '0000' for
value 'a'.

The reason why `c YEAR AS ('aaaa')` was not evaluated same is that len=4 is
a special case insidew Field_year::store.

The correct fix is: always evaluate a bad value to 0000 instead 2000.
The truncated values should be evaluated as usual.

$support_virtual_index is finally changed to 1 in gcol.gcol_ins_upd_innodb,
which is also enough for testing.

The test from original bug report is also added.

mysql_config should never return -lzlib as linking flag.
Clients trying to link against mariadb that use the output of
mysql_config experience linking error because we return -lzlib
when we don't ship any libzlib.a in our binary tarballs, bundled
zlib static library is already linked.

  - Set the innodb_encrypt_tables variable before
timeout happens. It will add the pending tablespace
to default encrypt list and does the encryption/decryption
based on innodb_encrypt_tables.

- Commit https://github.com/mariadb/server/commit/438ed0408c69
introduced `mariadb-common` package and added description. Example in
description is confusing since files referred to are not installed and
not related/owned by the `mariadb-common` package.
- Patch is updating real file/directory description section pointing to
the real examples owned by the package.
- Example:
```
mariadb-client-10.3				install
mariadb-client-core-10.3			install
mariadb-common					install
mariadb-server					install
mariadb-server-10.3				install
mariadb-server-core-10.3			install

/.
/etc
/etc/mysql
/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf
/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/mariadb-common
/usr/share/doc/mariadb-common/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/mariadb-common/copyright

```

Closes PR #1690
Reviewed by: otto@kekalainen.net

- Used single quotes, back quotes are used with commit
fafb35ee in 10.3 and will be changed.

Reviewed by: serg@mariadb.org

           with missing RECURSIVE

If a table reference r used inthe specification of a CTE whose definition
is contained in the WITH clause where RECURSIVE is omitted then this table
reference cannot be considered as a recursive table reference even if it is
used in the query that specifies CTE whose name is r. It can be considered
only as a reference to an embedding CTE or to a temporary table or to
a base table/view. If there is no such object with name r then an error
message must be reported.
This patch fixes the code that actually in some cases resolved r as a
reference to the CTE whose specification contained r if its name was r
in spite of the fact that r was not considered as a recursive CTE.
This happened in the cases when the definition of r was used in the
specification of another CTE. Such wrong name resolution for r led to an
infinite recursive invocations of the parser that ultimately crashed the
server.
This bug is a result of the fix for mdev-13780 that was not quite correct.

Approved by Oleksandr Byelkin <sanja@mariadb.com>