Main change is that non-blocking operation is now an option that must be
explicitly enabled with mysql_option(mysql, MYSQL_OPT_NONBLOCK, ...)
before any non-blocing operation can be used.

Also the CLIENT_REMEMBER_OPTIONS flag is now always enabled and thus
effectively ignored (it was not really useful anyway, and this simplifies
things when non-blocking mysql_real_connect() fails).

All client functions that can block on I/O have alternate _start() and
_cont() versions that do not block but return control back to the
application, which can then issue I/O wait in its own fashion and later
call back into the library to continue the operation.

Works behind the scenes by spawning a co-routine/fiber to run the
blocking operation and suspend it while waiting for I/O. This
co-routine/fiber use is invisible to applications.

For i368/x86_64 on GCC, uses very fast assembler co-routine support. On
Windows uses native Win32 Fibers. Falls back to POSIX ucontext on other
platforms. Assembler routines for more platforms are relatively easy to
add by extending mysys/my_context.c, eg. similar to the Lua lcoco
library.

For testing, mysqltest and mysql_client_test are extended with the
option --non-blocking-api. This causes the programs to use the
non-blocking API for database access. mysql-test-run.pl has a similar
option --non-blocking-api that uses this, as well as additional
testcases.

An example program tests/async_queries.c is included that uses the new
non-blocking API with libevent to show how, in a single-threaded
program, to issue many queries in parallel against a database.


client/async_example.c:
  Fix const warning
  ******
  Fix bug with wrong timeout value for poll().
include/Makefile.am:
  Fix missing include for `make dist`
include/mysql.h:
  Add prototypes for all non-blocking API calls.
include/mysql.h.pp:
  Add prototypes for all non-blocking API calls.
mysys/my_context.c:
  Fix type warning for makecontext() function pointer argument.
sql-common/mysql_async.c:
  Fix crashes in the non-blocking API for functions that can take MYSQL argument
  that is NULL.
tests/Makefile.am:
  Add header file to `make dist`
tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Replace blocking calls with wrappers around the non-blocking calls, used in
  mysql_client_test to test the new non-blocking API.
tests/nonblock-wrappers.h:
  Replace blocking calls with wrappers around the non-blocking calls, used in
  mysql_client_test to test the new non-blocking API.

If mysqld --log-warnings=3 or higher, then print all check and repair warnings for MyISAM tables to the log.
This is useful when trying to find out why an automatic myisam repair failes.

storage/myisam/ha_myisam.cc:
  If mysqld --log-warnings=3 or higher, then print all check and repair warnings for MyISAM tables to the error log.

Fixed bug that MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS was not working properly in all situations (which could cause aborted connects)
thd->user_connect is now handled in thd->clenup() which will ensure that it works in all context (including slaves).
I added also some DBUG_ASSERT() to ensure that things are working correctly.


sql/sql_acl.cc:
  Reset thd->user_connect on failed check_for_max_user_connections() to ensure we don't decrement value twice.
  Removed not needed call to decrease_user_connections() as thd->cleanup() will now do it.
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Call decrease_user_connections() in thd->cleanup()
sql/sql_connect.cc:
  Ensure we don't allocate thd->user_connect twice.
  Simplify check_for_max_user_connections().
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  Ensure that thd->user_connect is handled properly in for 'change_user' command.

storage/maria/ma_recovery.c:
  Moved trman_init() before parse_checkpoint_record() as this calls trnman functions if we have to open tables.

The bug was that when using bulk insert combined with lock table, we intitalized the io cache with the wrong file position.
This fixed a bug where MariaDB could not read in a table dump done with mysqldump.


mysql-test/suite/maria/r/locking.result:
  Test case for locking + write cache bug
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/locking.test:
  Test case for locking + write cache bug
storage/maria/ma_extra.c:
  Initialize write cache used with bulk insert to correct file length.
  (The old code didn't work if one was using LOCK TABLE for the given table).

Fixes bugs found by testcase for lp:815022 and lp:726374 "ma_blockrec.c:3000: write_block_record: Assertion `cur_block[1].page_count == 0' failed with a multi-index Aria workload"
The issues was:
- For some tables with a lot of not packed fields, we didn't allocate enough memory in head page which caused DBUG_ASSERT's
- Removed wrong DBUG_ASSERT()
- Fixed a problem with underflow() where it generates a key page where all keys didn't fit.
- Max key length is now limited by block_size/3  (was block_size /2).  This is required for underflow() to work with packed keys.




mysql-test/lib/v1/mysql-test-run.pl:
  Remove --alignment=8 as this doesn't work on 64 bit systems
mysql-test/suite/maria/r/small_blocksize.result:
  Test case for Aria bug
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/small_blocksize-master.opt:
  Test case for Aria bug
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/small_blocksize.test:
  Test case for Aria bug
storage/maria/ha_maria.cc:
  Fixed comment
storage/maria/ma_bitmap.c:
  Fixed wrong variable usage in find_where_to_split_row() where we allocated too little memory for head page.
  We did not take into account space for head extents (long VARCHAR) when trying to split row on head page. This caused us to allocate too little space from bitmap which lead to ASSERT failures later.
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  Made some argument const (to ensure they was not accidently changed)
  Removed wrong DBUG_ASSERT()
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.h:
  Removed not used variable
storage/maria/ma_delete.c:
  Added my_afree() in case of error
  More comments and DBUG_ASSERT() for underflow()
storage/maria/ma_open.c:
  Make keyinfo->underflow_block_length smaller for packed keys. This has to be done as for long packed keys, underflow() otherwise generates a key page where all keys didn't fit.
storage/maria/ma_page.c:
  New DBUG_ASSERT()
storage/maria/ma_write.c:
  Fixed comment
storage/maria/maria_def.h:
  We have to have space for at least 3 keys on a key page.
  (Otherwise the underflow() code doesn't work for packed keys, even when we have an underflow() for an empty key page)

Fixed lp:814231 Aria post-recovery error "Bitmap at page 0 has pages reserved outside of data file length"
The bug was a wrong check in aria_chk;  The table was fine.


storage/maria/ma_bitmap.c:
  Print whole bitmap to find errors in last bitmap
storage/maria/ma_check.c:
  Fixed wrong test if bitmap was overallocated.

Fixed bug lp:814054 'Assertion `block->hash_link == hash_link && hash_link->block == block' in ma_pagecache.c:2275 with Aria'
- Replaced old DBUG_ASSERT with a new correct one + a comment.

storage/maria/ma_pagecache.c:
  Replaced old DBUG_ASSERT with a new correct one + a comment.

This fixes a bug that when you use mysqldump --no-create-info to generate a dump that you want to merge with an existing table,
you can get an innodb table with duplicated unique keys.
Patch orignally by Eric Bergen.


client/mysqldump.c:
  Only use UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 for tables that are created.
  This solves the issue that you can't get duplicate unique keys when merging two dumps.
mysql-test/r/mysqldump.result:
  Test for mysqldump --no-create-info

storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  Unlock bitmaps earlier (no reason to have them unlocked over _ma_write_clr())
storage/maria/ma_extra.c:
  Don't lock THR_LOCK_maria for HA_EXTRA_PREPARE_FOR_RENAME (upper level ensures that we are not opening the same table during this call)
  We don't need to have share->intern_lock locked over _ma_flush_table_files()
storage/maria/ma_open.c:
  Update comment

Problem was the parsing of test suite files for various tags and options.
This was done inefficiently, and include files were re-parsed for every
place they were included. This caused a delay of 20 seconds or so before
the first test started to run.

By parsing more efficiently and re-using first parse for subsequent
inclusion of the same file, time spent parsing is reduced to less than
1 second, and start appears instantaneous.

(With this patch, full ./mtr runs in 3 minutes on my laptop (release
build.)

mysql-test/suite/innodb_plugin/t/innodb_bug52663.test:
  Test is fairly slow, so try to avoid getting stuck with it at the end
  while other workers are idle.

Fixed lp:814237: Wrong mutex usage in Aria


storage/maria/ma_bitmap.c:
  Added call to _ma_bitmap_mark_file_changed() when flushing bitmap. This fixes lp:814237

scripts/mysqldumpslow.sh:
  Remove not used --basedir option
  Ensure that the last --datadir option is used from the my.cnf files.

The bug happens when one uses MAX_ROWS=# with Aria & row_format=page and one insert more than # rows.


mysql-test/mysql-test-run.pl:
  Ignore table is full error messages
mysql-test/suite/maria/r/max_length.result:
  Test case for 'Table is full'
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/max_length.test:
  Test case for 'Table is full'
storage/maria/ma_bitmap.c:
  Ensure that we don't allocate bits outside of max_data_file_size.
  Adjust max_data_file_size based on bitmap alignments.
  Backport fix to adjust wrong first_bitmap_with_space.
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  Calculate value of max_data_file_length
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.h:
  Updated prototype for _ma_bitmap_init()
storage/maria/ma_check.c:
  Give warnings if file sizes are above max file sizes.
  Give more warnings in case of errors.
  Have maria_chk write if table is recreated.
storage/maria/ma_create.c:
  Better calculation of max_data_file_length and thus data pointer length.
  Fixes some wrong pointer lengths when using MAX_ROWS=#
storage/maria/ma_open.c:
  Removed duplicate assigment.
  Use block size from file instead of global variable.
storage/maria/maria_chk.c:
  Remove -1 from printed file length
storage/maria/maria_def.h:
  Update struct st_maria_file_bitmap

Fixed explains of previous patch.

mysql-test/r/explain.result:
  Fixed explains of previous patch.
mysql-test/r/join_outer.result:
  Fixed explains of previous patch.
mysql-test/r/negation_elimination.result:
  Fixed explains of previous patch.
mysql-test/r/view.result:
  Fixed explains of previous patch.
mysql-test/suite/innodb/r/innodb_mysql.result:
  Removed duplicate test suite.
mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/innodb_mysql.test:
  Removed duplicate test suite.
mysql-test/suite/innodb_plugin/r/innodb_mysql.result:
  Removed duplicate test suite.
mysql-test/suite/innodb_plugin/t/innodb_mysql.test:
  Removed duplicate test suite.
sql/opt_range.h:
  Removed incorrect fix.
sql/records.cc:
  Removed incorrect fix.

There are 2 volatile condition constructions AND/OR constructions and fields(references) when first
good supported to be top elements of conditions because it is normal practice
(see copy_andor_structure for example) fields without any expression in the condition is really rare
and mostly useless case however it could lead to problems when optimiser changes/moves them unaware
of other variables referring to them. An easy solution of this problem is just to replace single field
in a condition with equivalent expression well supported by the server (<field> -> <field> != 0).

mysql-test/r/view.result:
  New test added.
mysql-test/t/view.test:
  New test added.
sql/sql_parse.cc:
  <field> -> <field> != 0
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  <field> -> <field> != 0

Fix is to replace uint in public header with unsigned int.  uint is not guaranteed to be defined by system headers.

before strlen(db) we need to be sure that
db lies within packet boundaries.
same for client_plugin.

before strlen(db) we need to be sure that
db lies within packet boundaries