MDEV-12873 InnoDB SYS_TABLES.TYPE incompatibility for PAGE_COMPRESSED=YES in MariaDB 10.2.2 to 10.2.6

Remove the SHARED_SPACE flag that was erroneously introduced in
MariaDB 10.2.2, and shift the SYS_TABLES.TYPE flags back to where
they were before MariaDB 10.2.2. While doing this, ensure that
tables created with affected MariaDB versions can be loaded,
and also ensure that tables created with MySQL 5.7 using the
TABLESPACE attribute cannot be loaded.

MariaDB 10.2.2 picked the SHARED_SPACE flag from MySQL 5.7,
shifting the MariaDB 10.1 flags PAGE_COMPRESSION, PAGE_COMPRESSION_LEVEL,
ATOMIC_WRITES by one bit. The SHARED_SPACE flag would always
be written as 0 by MariaDB, because MariaDB does not support
CREATE TABLESPACE or CREATE TABLE...TABLESPACE for InnoDB.

So, instead of the bits AALLLLCxxxxxxx we would have
AALLLLC0xxxxxxx if the table was created with MariaDB 10.2.2
to 10.2.6. (AA=ATOMIC_WRITES, LLLL=PAGE_COMPRESSION_LEVEL,
C=PAGE_COMPRESSED, xxxxxxx=7 bits that were not moved.)

PAGE_COMPRESSED=NO implies LLLLC=00000. That is not a problem.

If someone created a table in MariaDB 10.2.2 or 10.2.3 with
the attribute ATOMIC_WRITES=OFF (value 2; AA=10) and without
PAGE_COMPRESSED=YES or PAGE_COMPRESSION_LEVEL, the table should be
rejected. We ignore this problem, because it should be unlikely
for anyone to specify ATOMIC_WRITES=OFF, and because 10.2.2 and
10.2.2 were not mature releases. The value ATOMIC_WRITES=ON (1)
would be interpreted as ATOMIC_WRITES=OFF, but starting with
MariaDB 10.2.4 the ATOMIC_WRITES attribute is ignored.

PAGE_COMPRESSED=YES implies that PAGE_COMPRESSION_LEVEL be between
1 and 9 and that ROW_FORMAT be COMPACT or DYNAMIC. Thus, the affected
wrong bit pattern in SYS_TABLES.TYPE is of the form AALLLL10DB00001
where D signals the presence of a DATA DIRECTORY attribute and B is 1
for ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC and 0 for ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT. We must interpret
this bit pattern as AALLLL1DB00001 (discarding the extraneous 0 bit).

dict_sys_tables_rec_read(): Adjust the affected bit pattern when
reading the SYS_TABLES.TYPE column. In case of invalid flags,
report both SYS_TABLES.TYPE (after possible adjustment) and
SYS_TABLES.MIX_LEN.

dict_load_table_one(): Replace an unreachable condition on
!dict_tf2_is_valid() with a debug assertion. The flags will already
have been validated by dict_sys_tables_rec_read(); if that validation
fails, dict_load_table_low() will have failed.

fil_ibd_create(): Shorten an error message about a file pre-existing.

Datafile::validate_to_dd(): Clarify an error message about tablespace
flags mismatch.

ha_innobase::open(): Remove an unnecessary warning message.

dict_tf_is_valid(): Simplify and stricten the logic. Validate the
values of PAGE_COMPRESSION. Remove error log output; let the callers
handle that.

DICT_TF_BITS: Remove ATOMIC_WRITES, PAGE_ENCRYPTION, PAGE_ENCRYPTION_KEY.
The ATOMIC_WRITES is ignored once the SYS_TABLES.TYPE has been validated;
there is no need to store it in dict_table_t::flags. The PAGE_ENCRYPTION
and PAGE_ENCRYPTION_KEY are unused since MariaDB 10.1.4 (the GA release
was 10.1.8).

DICT_TF_BIT_MASK: Remove (unused).

FSP_FLAGS_MEM_ATOMIC_WRITES: Remove (the flags are never read).

row_import_read_v1(): Display an error if dict_tf_is_valid() fails.

BULK execution moved to a new command.

innodb.row_format_redundant: Really corrupt the SYS_TABLES.MIX_LEN,
and do not use any debug instrumentation. For tables created in the
system tablespace, the contents of the column will be ignored.
Only the table t1 will refuse to load.

dict_load_table_one(): Remove the DBUG_EXECUTE_IF instrumentation.
Omit a redundant error message "incorrect flags in SYS_TABLES".

dict_sys_tables_rec_read(): Partially revert the Oracle Bug#21644827
fix, and always report errors by the return value.

fts_create_in_mem_aux_table(): Do not rely on dict_table_t::flags2,
but instead evaluate the tablespace ID.

DICT_TF2_BITS: Reduce to the correct value of 7. The two extra
high-order bits were specific to MySQL 5.7.

log_crypt(): Remove the useless error log output that was
accidentally introduced in MDEV-11782. These messages could be emitted
to the server error log during crash recovery.

10.2 follow-up to MDEV-13039 innodb_fast_shutdown=0 crash due premature purge shutdown before fts_optimize_shutdown()

srv_start_state_t: Document the flags. Replace SRV_START_STATE_STAT
with SRV_START_STATE_REDO. The srv_bg_undo_sources replaces the
original use of SRV_START_STATE_STAT.

dict_stats_thread_started, buf_dump_thread_started,
buf_flush_page_cleaner_thread_started: Remove (unused).

srv_shutdown_all_bg_threads(): Always wait for the I/O threads
to exit, also in read-only mode.

os_thread_free(): Remove.

fil_crypt_read_crypt_data(): Remove an unnecessary
acquisition of fil_system->mutex. Remove a duplicated condition
from the callers.

When the server is started in innodb_read_only mode, there cannot be
any writes to persistent InnoDB/XtraDB files. Just like the creation
of buf_flush_page_cleaner_thread is skipped in this case, also
the creation of the XtraDB-specific buf_flush_lru_manager_thread
should be skipped.

When the SELECT query from a trigger that used a subquery
in its SELECT list was prepared the counter select_n_having_items
was incremented in the constructor Item::Item(THD *thd).
As a result each invocation of the trigger required more and more
memory for the ref_pointer_array for this SELECT.
Made sure that the counter st_select_lex::select_n_having_items
would be incremented only at the first execution of such trigger.

When a slow shutdown is performed soon after spawning some work for
background threads that can create or commit transactions, it is possible
that new transactions are started or committed after the purge has finished.
This is violating the specification of innodb_fast_shutdown=0, namely that
the purge must be completed. (None of the history of the recent transactions
would be purged.)

Also, it is possible that the purge threads would exit in slow shutdown
while there exist active transactions, such as recovered incomplete
transactions that are being rolled back. Thus, the slow shutdown could
fail to purge some undo log that becomes purgeable after the transaction
commit or rollback.

srv_undo_sources: A flag that indicates if undo log can be generated
or the persistent, whether by background threads or by user SQL.
Even when this flag is clear, active transactions that already exist
in the system may be committed or rolled back.

innodb_shutdown(): Renamed from innobase_shutdown_for_mysql().
Do not return an error code; the operation never fails.
Clear the srv_undo_sources flag, and also ensure that the background
DROP TABLE queue is empty.

srv_purge_should_exit(): Do not allow the purge to exit if
srv_undo_sources are active or the background DROP TABLE queue is not
empty, or in slow shutdown, if any active transactions exist
(and are being rolled back).

srv_purge_coordinator_thread(): Remove some previous workarounds
for this bug.

innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): Set buf_page_cleaner_is_active
and srv_dict_stats_thread_active directly. Set srv_undo_sources before
starting the purge subsystem, to prevent immediate shutdown of the purge.
Create dict_stats_thread and fts_optimize_thread immediately
after setting srv_undo_sources, so that shutdown can use this flag to
determine if these subsystems were started.

dict_stats_shutdown(): Shut down dict_stats_thread. Backported from 10.2.

srv_shutdown_table_bg_threads(): Remove (unused).

Problem appears to be that the function fsp_flags_try_adjust()
is being unconditionally invoked on every .ibd file on startup.
Based on performance investigation also the top function
fsp_header_get_crypt_offset() needs to addressed.

Ported implementation of fsp_header_get_encryption_offset()
function from 10.2 to fsp_header_get_crypt_offset().

Introduced a new function fil_crypt_read_crypt_data()
to read page 0 if it is not yet read.

fil_crypt_find_space_to_rotate(): Now that page 0 for every .ibd
file is not read on startup we need to check has page 0 read
from space that we investigate for key rotation, if it is not read
we read it.

fil_space_crypt_get_status(): Now that page 0 for every .ibd
file is not read on startup here also we need to read page 0
if it is not yet read it. This is needed
as tests use IS query to wait until background encryption
or decryption has finished and this function is used to
produce results.

fil_crypt_thread(): Add is_stopping condition for tablespace
so that we do not rotate pages if usage of tablespace should
be stopped. This was needed for failure seen on regression
testing.

fil_space_create: Remove page_0_crypt_read and extra
unnecessary info output.

fil_open_single_table_tablespace(): We call fsp_flags_try_adjust
only when when no errors has happened and server was not started
on read only mode and tablespace validation was requested or
flags contain other table options except low order bits to
FSP_FLAGS_POS_PAGE_SSIZE position.

fil_space_t::page_0_crypt_read removed.

Added test case innodb-first-page-read to test startup when
encryption is on and when encryption is off to check that not
for all tables page 0 is read on startup.

Replace have_innodb_zip.inc with innodb_page_size_small.inc.

The doublewrite buffer pages must fit in the first InnoDB system
tablespace data file. The checks that were added in the initial patch
(commit 112b21da)
were at too high level and did not cover all cases.

innodb.log_data_file_size: Test all innodb_page_size combinations.

fsp_header_init(): Never return an error. Move the change buffer creation
to the only caller that needs to do it.

btr_create(): Clean up the logic. Remove the error log messages.

buf_dblwr_create(): Try to return an error on non-fatal failure.
Check that the first data file is big enough for creating the
doublewrite buffers.

buf_dblwr_process(): Check if the doublewrite buffer is available.
Display the message only if it is available.

recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_start_func(): Remove a redundant message
about FIL_PAGE_FILE_FLUSH_LSN mismatch when crash recovery has already
been initiated.

fil_report_invalid_page_access(): Simplify the message.

fseg_create_general(): Do not emit messages to the error log.

innobase_init(): Revert the changes.

trx_rseg_create(): Refactor (no functional change).

Removed this output.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Black <daniel.black@au.ibm.com>

commit 1af8bf39 added unnecessary
calls to fil_write_flushed_lsn() during redo log resizing at
InnoDB server startup.

Because fil_write_flushed_lsn() is neither redo-logged nor doublewrite
buffered, the call is risky and should be avoided, because if the
server killed during the write call, the whole InnoDB instance can
become inaccessible (corrupted page 0 in the system tablespace).

In the best case, this call might prevent a diagnostic message from
being emitted to the error log on the next startup.

MDEV-13032: fix galera_new_cluster to be POSIX

Signed-off-by: Daniel Black <daniel.black@au.ibm.com>

Use my_atomic for updating os_thread_count.

os_thread_init(): Remove.

InnoDB never supported more than one copy of a redo log.
There were provisions to do that. For Mariabackup, let us clean up
this code.

log_sys_init(): Renamed from log_init().

log_set_capacity(): Renamed from log_calc_max_ages().

log_init(): Renamed from log_group_init(). Remove the parameters
id, space_id. Let the caller invoke log_set_capacity() when needed.

log_group_t: Remove id, space_id, log_groups.

log_t: Replace log_groups with a single log.

recv_find_max_checkpoint(): Declare globally. Remove the first parameter.

xtrabackup_choose_lsn_offset(): Remove (dead code).

MySQL WL#6835 replaced the function lock_rec_enqueue_waiting()
with RecLock::enqueue() and later RecLock::add_to_waitq().

Rewrite the test encryption.innodb-checksum-algorithm not to
require any restarts or re-bootstrapping, and to cover all
innodb_page_size combinations.

Test innodb.101_compatibility with all innodb_page_size combinations.

innodb_page_size_small: A new set of combinations, for
innodb_page_size up to 16k. In MariaDB 10.0, this does not
make a difference, but in 10.1 and later, innodb_page_size
would cover 32k and 64k, for which ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED
is not available.

Enable these combinations in a few InnoDB tests.

srv_master_thread(): Pass the correct parameter to srv_shutdown().
This bug was introduced in MDEV-12052, and it affects the MariaDB 10.1.24
release.

Problem:- In the case of multisource replication/named slave
when we run "FLUSH LOGS" , it does not flush logs.

Solution:- A new function Master_info_index->flush_all_relay_logs()
is created which will rotate relay logs for all named slave.
This will be called in reload_acl_and_cache function when
connection_name.length == 0

Additionally internal check was failing because the test did not
restore a global value properly