log_group_read_log_seg() returns error when:

1) Calculated log block number does not correspond to read log block
number. This can be caused by:
  a) Garbage or an incompletely written log block. We can exclude this
  case by checking log block checksum if it's enabled(see innodb-log-checksums,
  encrypted log block contains checksum always).
  b) The log block is overwritten. In this case checksum will be correct and
  read log block number will be greater then requested one.

2) When log block length is wrong. In this case recv_sys->found_corrupt_log
is set.

3) When redo log block checksum is wrong. In this case innodb code
writes messages to error log with the following prefix: "Invalid log
block checksum."

The fix processes all the cases above.

Fix assertion text it was too tight for some systems.

This is backport from 10.4 and for Galera 3.

MDEV-23574 : galera_3nodes.galera_ipv6_mariabackup_section MTR failed: Could not open '../galera/include/have_mariabackup.inc'

Test case and configuration cleanup.

Add wait_condition to wait correct cluster configuration.

MDEV-21655 : galera.galera_wan_restart_ist MTR fails sporadically: WSREP did not transition to state READY

Replace sleeps with proper wait_conditions to wait correct
cluster configuration.

Parse SHOW SLAVE STATUS output for the "Using_Gtid" column. If the value
is "No", then old log file and position is backed up, otherwise gtid_slave_pos
is backed up.

virtual column in index

Problem:
row_ins_foreign_fill_virtual was unconditionally set virtual fields to NULL
even though the field is not a part of a foreign key
(but a part of an index)

Solution:
The new virtual value should be computed with regard to cascade updates.

MDEV-23587 : galera_3nodes.galera_var_dirty_reads2 MTR failed: 1047: WSREP has not yet prepared node for application use

Add wait_condition tomake sure insert is replicated and server
is after isolation back on ready state.

- Addressing ASAN failure in fts_check_aux_table()

Remove incorrect BF (brute force) handling from lock_rec_has_to_wait_in_queue
and move condition to correct callers. Add a function to report
BF lock waits and assert if incorrect BF-BF lock wait happens.

wsrep_report_bf_lock_wait
	Add a new function to report BF lock wait.

wsrep_assert_no_bf_bf_wait
	Add a new function to check do we have a
	BF-BF wait and if we have report this case
	and assert as it is a bug.

lock_rec_has_to_wait
	Use new wsrep_assert_bf_wait to check BF-BF wait.

lock_rec_create_low
lock_table_create
	Use new function to report BF lock waits.

lock_rec_insert_by_trx_age
lock_grant_and_move_on_page
lock_grant_and_move_on_rec
	Assert that trx is not Galera as VATS is not compatible
	with Galera.

lock_rec_add_to_queue
	If there is conflicting lock in a queue make sure that
	transaction is BF.

lock_rec_has_to_wait_in_queue
	Remove incorrect BF handling. If there is conflicting
	locks in a queue all transactions must wait.

lock_rec_dequeue_from_page
lock_rec_unlock
	If there is conflicting lock make sure it is not
	BF-BF case.

lock_rec_queue_validate
	Add Galera record locking rules comment and use
	new function to report BF lock waits.

All attempts to reproduce the original assertion have been
failed. Therefore, there is no test case on this commit.

fts_drop_orphaned_tables() takes long time to remove the orphaned
FTS tables. In order to reduce the time, do the following:

- Traverse fil_system.space_list and construct a set of
table_id,index_id of all FTS_*.ibd tablespaces.
- Traverse the sys_indexes table and ignore the entry
from the above collection if it exist.
- Existing elements in the collection can be considered as
orphaned fts tables. construct the table name from
(table_id,index_id) and invoke fts_drop_tables().
- Removed DICT_TF2_FTS_AUX_HEX_NAME flag usage from upgrade.
- is_aux_table() in dict_table_t to check whether the given name
is fts auxiliary table
fts_space_set_t is a structure to store set of parent table id
and index id
- Remove unused FTS function in fts0fts.cc
- Remove the fulltext index in row_format_redundant test case.
Because it deals with the condition that SYS_TABLES does have
corrupted entry and valid entry exist in SYS_INDEXES.

Remove infinite procedure and use direct INSERTs.

Only starting with MariaDB Server 10.4 we may depend on C++11.

dict_foreign_qualify_index(): Reject corrupted or garbage indexes.
For index stubs that are created on virtual columns, no
dict_field_t::col would be assign. Instead, the entire table
definition would be reloaded on a successful operation.

Before commit 05fa4558 (MDEV-22110)
we have slot->type == MTR_MEMO_MODIFY that are unrelated to
incrementing the buffer-fix count.

FindBlock::operator(): In debug builds, skip MTR_MEMO_MODIFY entries.

Also, simplify the code a little.

This fixes an infinite loop in the tests
innodb.innodb_defragment and innodb.innodb_wl6326_big.

buf_page_create() is invoked when page is initialized. So that
previous contents of the page ignored. In few cases, it calls
buf_page_get_gen() is called to fetch the page from buffer pool.
It should take x-latch on the page. If other thread uses the block
or block io state is different from BUF_IO_NONE then release the
mutex and check the state and buffer fix count again. For compressed
page, use the existing free block from LRU list to create new page.
Retry to fetch the compressed page if it is in flush list

fseg_create(), fseg_create_general(): Introduce block as a parameter
where segment header is placed. It is used to avoid repetitive
x-latch on the same page

Change the assert to check whether the page has SX latch and
X latch in all callee function of buf_page_create()

mtr_t::get_fix_count(): Get the buffer fix count of the given
block added by the mtr

FindBlock is added to find the buffer fix count of the given
block acquired by the mini-transaction

An unsafe optimization was introduced by
commit 2347ffd8 (MDEV-20301)
which is based on
mysql/mysql-server@3f3136188f1bd383f77f97823cf6ebd72d5e4d7e or
mysql/mysql-server@647a3814a91c3d3bffc70ddff5513398e3f37bd4
in MySQL 8.0.12 or MySQL 8.0.13
(which in turn is based on the contribution in MySQL Bug #84958).

Row_sel_get_clust_rec_for_mysql::operator(): In addition to checking
that the pointer to the record matches, also check the latest
modification of the page (FIL_PAGE_LSN) as well as the page identifier.
Only if all three match, it is safe to reuse cached_old_vers.

Row_sel_get_clust_rec_for_mysql::check_eq(): Assert that the PRIMARY KEY
of the cached old version of the record corresponds to the latest version.

We got a test case where CHECK TABLE, UPDATE and purge would be
hammering on the same table (with only 6 rows) and a pointer that
was originally pointing to a record pk=2 would match a cached_clust_rec
that was pointing to a record pk=1. In the diagnosed `rr replay` trace,
we would wrongly return an old cached version of the pk=1 record,
instead of retrieving the correct version of the pk=2 record. Because
of this, CHECK TABLE would fail to count one of the records in a
secondary index, and report failure.

This bug appears to affect MVCC reads via secondary indexes only.
The purge of history in secondary indexes uses a different code path,
and so do checks for implicit record locks.

MDEV-7098 spider/bg.spider_fixes failed in buildbot with safe_mutex: Trying to unlock mutex conn->mta_conn_mutex that wasn't locked at storage/spider/spd_db_conn.cc, line 671

build_template_field(): Initialize templ->rec_field_is_prefix
also for indexes on virtual columns. This was caught on 10.5 by
MemorySanitizer as use-of-uninitialized-value in
row_search_with_covering_prefix() when running the test
main.fast_prefix_index_fetch_innodb.

Add -Wno-missing-field-initializers for MyRocks and gcc version below 5.0

Passing a null pointer to a nonnull argument is not only undefined
behaviour, but it also grants the compiler the permission to optimize
away further checks whether the pointer is null. GCC -O2 at least
starting with version 8 may do that, potentially causing SIGSEGV.

These problems were caught in a WITH_UBSAN=ON build with the
Bug#7024 test in main.view.

Passing a null pointer to the "%s" argument of a printf-like
function is undefined behaviour. In the GNU libc implementation
of the printf() family of functions, it happens to work.

GCC 10.2.0 would diagnose this with -Wformat-overflow -Og.
In -fsanitize=undefined (WITH_UBSAN=ON) builds, a runtime error
would be generated. In some other builds, GCC 8 or later might infer
that the parameter is nonnull and optimize away further checks whether
the parameter is null, leading to SIGSEGV.

During insertion of clustered index, InnoDB does the check for foreign key
constraints. Problem is that it uses the clustered index entry to search
indexes of referenced tables and it could lead to unexpected result
when there is no foreign index.

Solution:
========
  Rebuild the tuple based on foreign column names before searching it
on reference index when there is no foreign index.

Backporting fixes for:

MDEV-22317: SIGSEGV in my_free/delete_dynamic in optimized builds (ARIA)
  Backported following commits from: 10.5.3
  commit 77e1b0c3 -- Post push fix.
  commit 2e6b21be

MDEV-22059: MSAN report at replicate_ignore_table_grant
  Backported following  commits from: 10.5.4
  commit 840fb495

Build failure was:
storage/innobase/os/os0proc.cc:144:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'MEM_UNDEFINED'

                MEM_UNDEFINED(ptr, size);

Assumed to be introduced in MDEV-20377
commit: c36834c8

This also fixes MDEV-20464.

The InnoDB index fields store bytes, not characters.
Remove some unnecessary conversions from characters to bytes.

This also fixes MDEV-20422 and the wrong-result bug MDEV-12486.

Add a proper error handling of innobase_get_computed_value results in
row_upd_store_row/row_upd_store_v_row.

Also add an assertion in row_vers_build_clust_v_col to fail during row
purge.
Add one more assertion in row_sel_sec_rec_is_for_clust_rec for possible
future catches.

The problem was in improper error handling behavior in
`row_upd_build_difference_binary`:
`innobase_free_row_for_vcol` wasn't called.

To eliminate this problem in all potential places, a refactoring has been
made:
* class ib_vcol_row is added. It owns VCOL_STORAGE and heap and maintains
 it in RAII manner
* all innobase_allocate_row_for_vcol/innobase_free_row_for_vcol pairs are
 substituted
 with ib_vcol_row usage
* row_merge_buf_add is only left untouched because it doesn't own vheap
 passed as an argument
* innobase_allocate_row_for_vcol does not allocate VCOL_STORAGE anymore and
 accepts it as an argument -- this reduces a number of memory allocations
 * move rec_printer out of `#ifndef DBUG_OFF` and mark it cold

(This commit is exclusively for 10.1 branch, do not merge it to upper ones)

In case of a pattern of non-STMT_END-marked Rows-log-event (A) followed by
a STMT_END marked one (B) mysqlbinlog mixes up the base64 encoded rows events
with their pseudo sql representation produced by the verbose option:
      BINLOG '
        base64 encoded data for A
        ### verbose section for A
        base64 encoded data for B
        ### verbose section for B
      '/*!*/;
In effect the produced BINLOG '...' query is not valid and is rejected with the error.
Examples of this way malformed BINLOG could have been found in binlog_row_annotate.result
that gets corrected with the patch.

The issue is fixed with introduction an auxiliary IO_CACHE to hold on the verbose
comments until the terminal STMT_END event is found. The new cache is emptied
out after two pre-existing ones are done at that time.
The correctly produced output now for the above case is as the following:
      BINLOG '
        base64 encoded data for A
        base64 encoded data for B
      '/*!*/;
        ### verbose section for A
        ### verbose section for B

Thanks to Alexey Midenkov for the problem recognition and attempt to tackle,
Venkatesh Duggirala who produced a patch for the upstream whose
idea is exploited here, as well as to MDEV-23077 reporter LukeXwang who
also contributed a piece of a patch aiming at this issue.

Extra: mysqlbinlog_row_minimal refined to not produce mutable numeric values into the result file.

(This commit is exclusively for 10.2 branch. Do not merge it to 10.3)

In case of a pattern of non-STMT_END-marked Rows-log-event (A) followed by
a STMT_END marked one (B) mysqlbinlog mixes up the base64 encoded rows events
with their pseudo sql representation produced by the verbose option:
      BINLOG '
        base64 encoded data for A
        ### verbose section for A
        base64 encoded data for B
        ### verbose section for B
      '/*!*/;
In effect the produced BINLOG '...' query is not valid and is rejected with the error.
Examples of this way malformed BINLOG could have been found in binlog_row_annotate.result
that gets corrected with the patch.

The issue is fixed with introduction an auxiliary IO_CACHE to hold on the verbose
comments until the terminal STMT_END event is found. The new cache is emptied
out after two pre-existing ones are done at that time.
The correctly produced output now for the above case is as the following:
      BINLOG '
        base64 encoded data for A
        base64 encoded data for B
      '/*!*/;
        ### verbose section for A
        ### verbose section for B

Thanks to Alexey Midenkov for the problem recognition and attempt to tackle,
and to Venkatesh Duggirala who produced a patch for the upstream whose
idea is exploited here, as well as to MDEV-23077 reporter LukeXwang who
also contributed a piece of a patch aiming at this issue.