Some galera tests starts 6 galera nodes. Each galera node requires
three ports: 6*3 = 18. Plus 6 ports are needed for 6 mariadbd servers.
Since the number of ports is rounded up to 10 everywhere in mtr, we
will take 30 as the default value for the port group size parameter.

Avoid starting transactions in wsrep-lib side when wsrep is
disabled. It is unnecessary, and causes spurious deadlock errors on
transaction clean up.
Signed-off-by: Julius Goryavsky <julius.goryavsky@mariadb.com>

Problem was that updates to mysql.gtid_slave_pos table were
replicated even when they were newer used and because that
newer deleted. Avoid replication of mysql.gtid_slave_pos
table if wsrep_gtid_mode=OFF.
Signed-off-by: Julius Goryavsky <julius.goryavsky@mariadb.com>

Problem:
=======
- This commit is a merge of mysql commit 129ee47ef994652081a11ee9040c0488e5275b14.
InnoDB FTS can be in inconsistent state when sync operation
terminates the server before committing the operation. This
could lead to incorrect synced doc id and incorrect query results.

Solution:
========
- During sync commit operation, InnoDB should pass
the sync transaction to update the max doc id
in the config table.

fts_read_synced_doc_id() : This function is used
to read only synced doc id from the config table.

non-default collation_connection

Analysis:
Due to different collation, the string has nothing to chop off.

Fix:
Got rid of chop(), only append " ," only when we have more elements to
add to the result.

Since we're only building on Windows, skip changes to debian directory
and to shell scripts.

Workaround by disabling sanitizer for single source file.

The problem was in the Aria part of the range optimizer,
maria_records_in_range(), which wrong concluded that there was no rows
in the range.

This error would happen in the unlikely case when searching for a range
on a partial key and there was a match for the first key part in the
upper part of the b-tree (node) and also a match in the underlying
node page.

In other words, for this bug to happen one have to use Aria, have a multi
part key with a lot of identical values for the first key part and do a
range search on the second part of the key.

Fixed by ensuring that we do not stop searching for partial keys found
on node.

Other things:
- Added some comments
- Changed a variable name to more clearly explain it's purpose.
- Fixed wrong cast in _ma_record_pos() that could cause problems on 32 bit
  systems.

The shared counter template ib_counter_t uses the function
my_timer_cycles() as a source of pseudo-random numbers to pick a shard.
On some platforms, my_timer_cycles() could return the constant value 0.

get_rnd_value(): Remove.

my_pseudo_random(): Implement as an alias of my_timer_cycles() or
a wrapper for pthread_self().

Reviewed by: Vladislav Vaintroub

Noticed on MySQL: https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server/pull/531

Matches https://icu4c-demos.unicode.org/icu-bin/locexp?d_=en&_=in_IN.

This bug could affect queries containing a join of derived tables over
grouping views such that one of the derived tables contains a window
function while another uses view V with dependent subquery DSQ containing
a set function aggregated outside of the subquery in the view V. The
subquery also refers to the fields from the group clause of the view.Due to
this bug execution of such queries could produce wrong result sets.

When the fix_fields() method performs context analysis of a set function AF
first, at the very beginning the function Item_sum::init_sum_func_check()
is called. The function copies the pointer to the embedding set function,
if any, stored in THD::LEX::in_sum_func into the corresponding field of the
set function AF simultaneously changing the value of THD::LEX::in_sum_func
to point to AF. When at the very end of the fix_fields() method the function
Item_sum::check_sum_func() is called it is supposed to restore the value
of THD::LEX::in_sum_func to point to the embedding set function. And in
fact Item_sum::check_sum_func() did it, but only for regular set functions,
not for those used in window functions. As a result after the context
analysis of AF had finished THD::LEX::in_sum_func still pointed to AF.
It confused the further context analysis. In particular it led to wrong
resolution of Item_outer_ref objects in the fix_inner_refs() function.
This wrong resolution forced reading the values of grouping fields referred
in DSQ not from the temporary table used for aggregation from which they
were supposed to be read, but from the table used as the source table for
aggregation.

This patch guarantees that the value of THD::LEX::in_sum_func is properly
restored after the call of fix_fields() for any set function.

Like MDEV-28105, spider may attempt to connect to remote server in
info(), and it may emit an error upon failure to connect. In this
case, the downstream caller ha_partition::open() should return the
error to avoid inconsistency.

This fixes MDEV-27186, MDEV-27237, MDEV-27334, MDEV-28241, MDEV-34101.

Few man pages have less standard format directive:
.it 1 an-trap which specifying a formatting instruction
related to indentation (adds tab in man page in this)

There is no traces what an-trap should do and removing
it does not affect rendering of man page

Field_string::val_int(), Field_string::val_real(), Field_string::val_decimal()
passed the whole buffer of field_length bytes to data type conversion routines.
This made conversion routines to print redundant trailing spaces in case of warnings.

Adding a method Field_string::to_lex_cstring() and using it inside
val_int(), val_real(), val_decimal(), val_str().

After this change conversion routines get the same value with what val_str() returns,
and no redundant trailing spaces are displayed.

GTID events are applied without a running server transaction,
we need to set next transaction ID for Wsrep transaction.

The whole Galera cluster now has a single GTID value (including
the server ID throughout the cluster), fix the config accordingly.

Add force restart so that repeated MTR test execution prints
consistent GTID values, otherwise they would have been recovered
from the previous run.
Signed-off-by: Julius Goryavsky <julius.goryavsky@mariadb.com>

It's possible to establish Galera multi-cluster setups connected
through the native replication when every Galera cluster is configured
to have a separate domain ID.
For this setup to work, we need to replace domain ID values in generated
GTID events when they are written at transaction commit to the values
configured by Wsrep replication.

At the same time, it's possible that the GTID event already contains
a correct domain ID if it comes through the native replication from
another Galera cluster.
In this case, when such an event is applied either through a native
replication slave thread or through Wsrep applier, we write GTID event
on transaction start and avoid writing it during transaction commit.

The code contained multiple problems that were fixed:
- applying GTID events didn't work because it's applied without a
running server transaction and Wsrep transaction was not started
- GTID event generation on transaction start didn't contain proper
"standalone" and "is_transactional" flags that the original applied
GTID event contained
- condition determining that GTID event is written on transaction start
to avoid writing it on commit relied on the fact that the GTID event
is the first found in transaction/statement caches, which wasn't the
case and resulted in duplicate GTID events written
- instead of relying on the caches to find a GTID event, a simple check
is introduced that follows the exact rules for checking if event is
written at transaction start as described above
- the test case is improved to check that exact GTID events are
applied after two Galera clusters have synced.
Signed-off-by: Julius Goryavsky <julius.goryavsky@mariadb.com>

The test that triggers multi-master conflict between two CTAS commands
uses LOCK/UNLOCK TABLES to block local CTAS from progress. It could
result in a race when UNLOCK TABLES command is issued a bit earlier
then needed, causing local CTAS to run further and change wsrep
transaction state, so that a different code path is taken later and
the original error gets overridden, causing the test to fail.
The solution is to replace LOCK/UNLOCK TABLES with debug sync points.
Signed-off-by: Julius Goryavsky <julius.goryavsky@mariadb.com>

Spider calls ha_spider::close() at least twice on ALTER TABLE ... ADD
PARTITION. The first call frees wide_handler and the second call
accesses wide_handler->trx->thd (heap-use-after-free).

In general, there seems to be no problem with using THD obtained by
the macro current_thd() except in background threads. Thus, we simply
replace wide_handler->trx->thd with current_thd().

Original author: Nayuta Yanagasawa

The HandlerSocket support of Spider has been deleted by MDEV-26858.
Thus, the constants, SPIDER_SQL_TYPE_*_HS, are no longer necessary.

Remove the dead-code, in Spider, which is related to the Spider's
HandlerSocket support. The code has been disabled for a long time
and it is unlikely that the code will be enabled.

- rm all files under storage/spider/hs_client/ except hs_compat.h
- rm storage/spider/spd_db_handlersocket.*
- unifdef -UHS_HAS_SQLCOM -UHAVE_HANDLERSOCKET \
  -m storage/spider/spd_* storage/spider/ha_spider.* storage/spider/hs_client/*
- remove relevant files from storage/spider/CMakeLists.txt

Invoke cleanup routine at the end of pfs_noop.

This commit updates the README to indicate that the "Get the code, build
it, test it" link will help decide the correct branch to work in.

Also fixes a grammar issue and cleans-up the Markdown a little bit.

Fix various typos, in comments and DEBUG statements, and code changes
are non-functional.

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several files
that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed under the
BSD-new license. I am contributing on behalf of my employer Amazon Web
Services, Inc.

MDEV-34226 On startup: UBSAN: applying zero offset to null pointer in my_copy_fix_mb from strings/ctype-mb.c and other locations

nullptr+0 is an UB (undefined behavior).

- Fixing my_string_metadata_get_mb() to handle {nullptr,0} without UB.
- Fixing THD::copy_with_error() to disallow {nullptr,0} by DBUG_ASSERT().
- Fixing parse_client_handshake_packet() to call THD::copy_with_error()
  with an empty string {"",0} instead of NULL string {nullptr,0}.

MDEV-30931 UBSAN: negation of -X cannot be represented in type 'long long int'; cast to an unsigned type to negate this value to itself in get_interval_value on SELECT

- Fixing the code in get_interval_value() to use Longlong_hybrid_null.
  This allows to handle correctly:

  - Signed and unsigned arguments
    (the old code assumed the argument to be signed)
  - Avoid undefined negation behavior the corner case with LONGLONG_MIN

  This fixes the UBSAN warning:
    negation of -9223372036854775808 cannot be represented
    in type 'long long int';

- Fixing the code in get_interval_value() to avoid overflow in
  the INTERVAL_QUARTER and INTERVAL_WEEK branches.
  This fixes the UBSAN warning:
    signed integer overflow: -9223372036854775808 * 7 cannot be represented
    in type 'long long int'

- Fixing the INTERVAL_WEEK branch in date_add_interval() to handle
  huge numbers correctly. Before the change, huge positive numeber
  were treated as their negative complements.
  Note, some other branches still can be affected by this problem
  and should also be fixed eventually.

- InnoDB page compression works only on COMPACT or DYNAMIC row
format tables. So InnoDB should throw error when alter table
tries to enable PAGE_COMPRESSED for redundant table.

- InnoDB should avoid printing the error message before
restoring the first page from doublewrite buffer.

Correct the second parameter for strxnmov to prevent potential buffer
overflows. The second parameter must be one less than the size of the
input buffer to avoid writing past the end of the buffer.

While the second parameter is usually correct, there are exceptions
that need fixing.

This commit addresses the issue within frm_file_exists() and other
affected places.

MDEV-28387 UBSAN: runtime error: negation of -9223372036854775808 cannot be represented in type 'long long int'; cast to an unsigned type to negate this value to itself in my_strtoll10 on SELECT

Fixing the condition to raise an overflow in the ulonglong
representation of the number is greater or equal to 0x8000000000000000ULL.
Before this change the condition did not catch -9223372036854775808
(the smallest possible signed negative longlong number).

According to https://discussions.apple.com/thread/8256853
an attempt to use AVX512 registers on macOS will result in #UD
(crash at runtime).

Also, starting with clang-18 and GCC 14, we must add "evex512" to the
target flags so that AVX and SSE instructions can use AVX512 specific
encodings. This flag was introduced together with the avx10.1-512 target.
Older compiler versions do not recognize "evex512". We do not want to
write "avx10.1-512" because it could enable some AVX512 subfeatures
that we do not have any CPUID check for.

Reviewed by: Vladislav Vaintroub
Tested on macOS by: Valerii Kravchuk

The patch for MDEV-31340 fixed the following bugs:

MDEV-33084 LASTVAL(t1) and LASTVAL(T1) do not work well with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33085 Tables T1 and t1 do not work well with ENGINE=CSV and lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33086 SHOW OPEN TABLES IN DB1 -- is case insensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33088 Cannot create triggers in the database `MYSQL`
MDEV-33103 LOCK TABLE t1 AS t2 -- alias is not case sensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33108 TABLE_STATISTICS and INDEX_STATISTICS are case insensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33109 DROP DATABASE MYSQL -- does not drop SP with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33110 HANDLER commands are case insensitive with lower-case-table-names=0
MDEV-33119 User is case insensitive in INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS
MDEV-33120 System log table names are case insensitive with lower-cast-table-names=0

Backporting the fixes from 11.5 to 10.5