Added a more detailed error message on calling an ambiguous missing function.

mysql-test/r/ps.result:
  Bug #38159: fixed existing tests
mysql-test/r/sp-error.result:
  Bug #38159: test case
mysql-test/t/ps.test:
  Bug #38159: fixed existing tests
mysql-test/t/sp-error.test:
  Bug #38159: test case
sql/item_func.cc:
  Bug #38159: generate more detailed error message
sql/share/errmsg.txt:
  Bug #38159: add a more detailed error message
sql/sql_derived.cc:
  Bug #38159: treat the detailed error message the same way as the
  generic one
sql/sql_lex.cc:
  Bug #38159: 
    - detect if the token is ambiguous and print the appropriate error.
    - backport is_lex_native_function() from 5.1
sql/sql_lex.h:
  Bug #38159: detect if the token is ambiguous and print the appropriate error.
sql/sql_yacc.yy:
  Bug #38159: generate more detailed error message
sql/table.cc:
  Bug #38159: treat the detailed error message the same way as the
  generic one

On 64-bit Windows: querying MERGE table with keys may cause
server crash.The problem is generic and may affect any statement
accessing MERGE table cardinality values.
When MERGE engine was copying cardinality statistics, it was
using incorrect size of element in cardinality statistics array
(sizeof(ptr)==8 instead of sizeof(ulong)==4), causing access
of memory beyond of the allocated bounds.


sql/ha_myisam.cc:
  When copying rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).
sql/ha_myisammrg.cc:
  When copying rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).
sql/table.cc:
  When allocating rec_per_key array (an array of ulong) use proper
  size of element, that is sizeof(ulong).

The fix is to allow myisamchk to use >4G key_buffer_size on win64


include/myisam.h:
  use ulonglong instead of ulong for use_buffers
storage/myisam/myisamchk.c:
  use ulonglong instead of ulong for use_buffers

doesn't find 'logger'

Due to a variable quoting mistake, the $PATH environment
variable isn't parsed correctly when searching for the
existence of the desired executable(s) (logger in this 
case).

This patch removes the quotes.

The problem is that the server failed to follow the rule that
every X509 object retrieved using SSL_get_peer_certificate()
must be explicitly freed by X509_free(). This caused a memory
leak for builds linked against OpenSSL where the X509 object
is reference counted -- improper counting will prevent the
object from being destroyed once the session containing the
peer certificate is freed.

The solution is to explicitly free every X509 object used.

mysql-test/r/openssl_1.result:
  Add test case result for Bug#42158
mysql-test/t/openssl_1.test:
  Add test case for Bug#42158
sql/sql_acl.cc:
  Deallocate X509 objects.

HAVING
            
When calculating GROUP BY the server caches some expressions. It does
that by allocating a string slot (Item_copy_string) and assigning the 
value of the expression to it. This effectively means that the result
type of the expression can be changed from whatever it was to a string.
As this substitution takes place after the compile-time result type 
calculation for IN but before the run-time type calculations, 
it causes the type calculations in the IN function done at run time 
to get unexpected results different from what was prepared at compile time.
                  
In the CASE ... WHEN ... THEN ... statement there was a similar problem
and it was solved by artificially adding a STRING argument to the set of 
types of the IN/CASE arguments at compile time, so if any of the 
arguments of the CASE function changes its type to a string it will 
still be covered by the information prepared at compile time.

mysql-test/include/mix1.inc:
  Bug #44399: extended the test to cover the different types
mysql-test/r/func_in.result:
  Bug #44399: test case
mysql-test/r/innodb_mysql.result:
  Bug #44399: extended the test to cover the different types
mysql-test/t/func_in.test:
  Bug #44399: test case
sql/item.cc:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY
sql/item.h:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY
sql/item_cmpfunc.cc:
  Bug #44399: remove the special case
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Bug #44399: Implement typed caching for GROUP BY

tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  Use a suitable constant for specifying the size of the array.

stop/start slave
      
When stopping and restarting the slave while it is replicating
temporary tables, the server would crash or raise an assertion
failure. This was due to the fact that although temporary tables are
saved between slave threads restart, the reference to the thread in
use (table->in_use) was not being properly updated when the restart
happened (it would still reference the old/invalid thread instead of
the new one).
      
This patch addresses this issue by resetting the reference to the new
slave thread on slave thread restart.

mysql-test/r/rpl_temporary.result:
  Result file.
mysql-test/t/rpl_temporary.test:
  Test case that checks that both failures go away.
sql/slave.cc:
  Changed slave.cc to reset sql_thd reference in temporary tables.

Created new .test file - mysqldump_restore that does test restore from mysqldump
output for a limited number of basic cases.
Create new .inc file - mysqldump.inc - renames original table and uses mysqldump
output to recreate the table, then uses diff_tables.inc to compare the two tables.
Backported include/diff_tables.inc to facilitate this testing.
New patch incorporating review feedback prior to push.

mysqldump.test - removed redundant call to include/have_log_bin.inc (was used twice in the test!)

            assertion .\filesort.cc, line 797

Minor fix to test case (embedded server failure).

            assertion .\filesort.cc, line 797

A query with the "ORDER BY @@some_system_variable" clause,
where @@some_system_variable is NULL, causes assertion
failure in the filesort procedures.

The reason of the failure is in the value of
Item_func_get_system_var::maybe_null: it was unconditionally
set to false even if the value of a variable was NULL.


mysql-test/r/variables.result:
  Added test case for bug #42778.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/innodb_data_home_dir_basic.result:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/innodb_flush_method_basic.result:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/rpl_init_slave_func.result:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/ssl_capath_basic.result:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/r/ssl_cipher_basic.result:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/t/innodb_data_home_dir_basic.test:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/t/innodb_flush_method_basic.test:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/t/ssl_capath_basic.test:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/suite/sys_vars/t/ssl_cipher_basic.test:
  Updated test case for bug #42778:
  system variables were NOT NULL, now they are nullable.
mysql-test/t/variables.test:
  Added test case for bug #42778.
sql/item.cc:
  Bug #42778: delete order by null global variable causes
              assertion .\filesort.cc, line 797
  
  The longlong_from_string_with_check function has been modified
  to skip unwanted warnings: now it uses the THD::no_errors
  flag to suppress warnings.
  The Item_func_get_system_var::update_null_value method
  sets the no_error flag.
sql/item_func.cc:
  Bug #42778: delete order by null global variable causes
              assertion .\filesort.cc, line 797
  
  1. The Item_func_get_system_var::fix_length_and_dec method
     has been modified to make system variables truly nullable.
  
  2. The Item_func_get_system_var::update_null_value method
     method has been overloaded with a simple wrapper (like
     Item_field::update_null_value) to suppress unwanted warnings
     from Item_func_get_system_var::val_int() calls on non-numeric
     variable values: the Item_func_get_system_var::update_null_value
     method sets and restores THD::no_errors flag for a nested
     call of the longlong_from_string_with_check function.
sql/item_func.h:
  Bug #42778: delete order by null global variable causes
              assertion .\filesort.cc, line 797
  
  The Item_func_get_system_var::update_null_value method
  method has been overloaded.

Created new .test file - mysqldump_restore that does this for a limited number
of basic cases.
Created new .inc file - mysqldump.inc - renames original table and uses mysqldump
output to recreate the table, then uses diff_tables.inc to compare the two tables.
Backported include/diff_tables.inc to facilitate this testing.

Since max_allowed_packet is a read-only variable in 5.1 and up,
disable warnings to avoid unnecessary test case complication.

Set max_allowed_packet to get a consistent error message.

        bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery

Problem: input and output buffers may be the same 
converting a string to some charset. 
That may lead to wrong results/valgrind warnings.  

Fix: use different buffers.


mysql-test/r/cast.result:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - test result.
mysql-test/r/func_concat.result:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - test result.
mysql-test/t/cast.test:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - test case.
mysql-test/t/func_concat.test:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - test case.
sql/item.cc:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - comment added.
sql/item_strfunc.cc:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - '&args[0]->str_value' used as a parameter of args[0]->val_str(),
      as 'str' may be equal to 'str_value' which we use as the output buffer
      converting strings.
sql/sql_string.cc:
  Fix for bug#44743: Join in combination with concat does not always work
          bug#44766: valgrind error when using convert() in a subquery
    - input and output buffers must NOT be the same.

             warnings after uncompressed_length 
 
UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH() did not validate its argument. In 
particular, if the argument length was less than 4 bytes, 
an uninitialized memory value was returned as a result. 
 
Since the result of COMPRESS() is either an empty string or 
a 4-byte length prefix followed by compressed data, the bug was 
fixed by ensuring that the argument of UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH() is 
either an empty string or contains at least 5 bytes (as done in 
UNCOMPRESS()). This is the best we can do to validate input 
without decompressing. 

mysql-test/r/func_compress.result:
  Added a test case for bug #44796.
mysql-test/t/func_compress.test:
  Added a test case for bug #44796.
sql/item_strfunc.cc:
  Make sure that the argument of UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH() contains 
  at least 5 bytes (as done in UNCOMPRESS()).