MDEV-32096 Parallel replication lags because innobase_kill_query() may fail to interrupt a lock wait

lock_sys_t::cancel(trx_t*): Remove, and merge to its only caller
innobase_kill_query().

innobase_kill_query(): Before reading trx->lock.wait_lock,
do acquire lock_sys.wait_mutex, like we did before
commit e71e6133 (MDEV-24671).
In this way, we should not miss a recently started lock wait
by the killee transaction.

lock_rec_lock(): Add a DEBUG_SYNC "lock_rec" for the test case.

lock_wait(): Invoke trx_is_interrupted() before entering the wait,
in case innobase_kill_query() was invoked some time earlier and
some longer-running operation did not check for interrupts.
As suggested by Vladislav Lesin, do not overwrite
trx->error_state==DB_INTERRUPTED with DB_SUCCESS.
This would avoid a call to trx_is_interrupted() when the test is
modified to use the DEBUG_SYNC point lock_wait_start instead of lock_rec.
Avoid some redundant loads of trx->lock.wait_lock; cache the value
in the local variable wait_lock.

Deadlock::check_and_resolve(): Take wait_lock as a parameter and
return wait_lock (or -1 or nullptr). We only need to reload
trx->lock.wait_lock if lock_sys.wait_mutex had been released
and reacquired.

trx_t::error_state: Correctly document the data member.

trx_lock_t::was_chosen_as_deadlock_victim: Clarify that other threads
may set the field (or flags in it) while holding lock_sys.wait_mutex.

Thanks to Johannes Baumgarten for reporting the problem and testing
the fix, as well as to Kristian Nielsen for suggesting the fix.

Reviewed by: Vladislav Lesin
Tested by: Matthias Leich

Some s390x environments include
https://github.com/madler/zlib/pull/410
and a more pessimistic compressBound: (sourceLen * 16 + 2308) / 8 + 6.
Let us adjust the recently enabled tests accordingly.

trx_undo_write_trx_xid(): Silence the debug assertion by passing
a template parameter that causes us to not care that the contents of
the page did not actually change and no log record would be written.
This debug assertion could fail if XA PREPARE was executed multiple
times with the same XID.

innodb_monitor_validate(): Let item_val_str() allocate the memory
in THD, so that it will be available to innodb_monitor_update().
In this way, there is no need to allocate another buffer, and
no problem if the call to innodb_monitor_update() is skipped due
to an invalid value that is passed to another configuration parameter.

There are some other callers to st_mysql_sys_var::val_str()
that validate configuration parameters that are related to FULLTEXT INDEX,
but they will allocate memory by invoking thd_strmake().

Currently include/have_innodb_4k.inc etc. files only check that the
server is running with the corresponding page size. I think it would
be more convenient if they actually enforced the setting.

The test innodb_zip.index_large_prefix_4k would not run unless it is
invoked as
./mtr --mysqld=--innodb-page-size=4k innodb_zip.index_large_prefix_4k

This test was originally developed to cover an option that was removed
in commit 0c92794d. Starting with
MariaDB Server 10.2, which introduced innodb_default_row_format=dynamic,
the option innodb_large_prefix had become useless.

Let us remove some of the stale tests and adjust the outcome to the
expected behaviour.

Let us avoid inserting the rows fid=714 and fid=715, because we would
evaluate g=NULL for them, and NULL values are not allowed in InnoDB
SPATIAL INDEX.

Also, let the test run on any page size, and on non-debug builds.

and "Undefined subroutine &Manager::move"

from upstream

to follow the similar upstream change

-Wdeprecated-copy-with-user-provided-copy was causing a few errors on
things that where defined in a way that was implicit. By removing code
it now compiles without warnings.

tested with fc38 / clang-16

ibuf_set_bitmap_for_bulk_load(): Port a bug fix that was made as part of
commit 165564d3 (MDEV-30009)
in MariaDB Server 10.5.19.

Port the test case from MySQL to MariaDB:

MySQL fix Bug#33813951, Change-Id: I2448e3f2f36925fe70d882ae5681a6234f0d5a98.

Function test_simple_temporal() from MySQL ported from C++ to pure C.

This includes one change:
-  DIE_UNLESS(field->type == MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME);
+  DIE_UNLESS(field->type == MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP);

The bound param of SELECT ? is TIMESTAMP in this code.
MySQL returns it back as DATETIME. MariaDB preserves TIMESTAMP.

Code packaged for commit by Daniel Black.

The problem was that parallel replication of temporary tables using
statement-based binlogging could overlap the COMMIT in one thread with a DML
or DROP TEMPORARY TABLE in another thread using the same temporary table.
Temporary tables are not safe for concurrent access, so this caused
reference to freed memory and possibly other nastiness.

The fix is to disable the optimisation with overlapping commits of one
transaction with the start of a later transaction, when temporary tables are
in use. Then the following event groups will be blocked from starting until
the one using temporary tables is completed.

This also fixes occasional test failures of rpl.rpl_parallel_temptable seen
in Buildbot.
Signed-off-by: Kristian Nielsen <knielsen@knielsen-hq.org>

Fix debug mode build failure on s390x.
Replaced builtin_ttest by __builtin_tx_nesting_depth() > 0 as a s390x equivalent version of the expression.

recalculate long unique hash in Write_rows_log_event
and Update_rows_log_event.

normally generated columns (stored and indexed virtual)
are deterministic and their values don't need to be recalculated
on the slave as they're already present in the row image.
but the long unique hash function was changed in MDEV-27653,
so a row event from the old master will have the old hash,
but a table created on the new slave will need a new hash.

test case only

don't enable bulk insert when table->s->long_unique_table

as always when copying record[0] aside one needs to detach
Field_blob::value's from it, and restore them when record[0]
is restored from a backup.

clarify the help text

move user/group creation from %post to %pre as Fedora packaging
guidelines say. This allows to use %attr() to set the correct
ownership of files

MDEV-17711 Assertion `arena_for_set_stmt== 0' failed in LEX::set_arena_for_set_stmt upon SET STATEMENT

restore SET STATEMENT variables between statements in a multi-statement

compaitibility with:
* chacha - mobile devices
* secure negotiation - openssl 3

32 bit MariaDB crashed in innodb.innodb-16k and a few other tests.
Fixed by using correct sizeof() calls.

Histograms where not read if first read was without histograms.

The problem is that s390x is not using the default bzip library we use
on other platforms, which causes compressed string lengths to be differnt
than what mtr tests expects.

Fixed by:
- Added have_normal_bzip.inc, which checks if compress() returns the
  expected length.
- Adjust the results to match the expected one
  - main.func_compress.test & archive.archive
- Don't print lengths that depends on compression library
  - mysqlbinlog compress tests & connect.zip
- Don't print DATA_LENGTH for SET column_compression_zlib_level=1
  - main.column_compression

The problem is in manager/worker communication when worker sends
WARNINGS and then TESTRESULT. If manager yet didn't read WARNINGS
response both responses get into the same buffer, can_read() will
indicate we have data only once and we must read all the data from the
socket at once. Otherwise TESTRESULT response is lost and manager
waits it forever.

The fix now instead of single line reads the socket in a loop. But if
there is only one response in the buffer the second read will be
blocked waiting until new data arrives. That can be overcame by
blocking(0) which sets the handle into non-blocking mode. If there is
no data second read just returns undef.

The problem is non-blocking mode is not supported by all perl flavors
on Windows. Strawberry and ActiveState do not support it. Cygwin and
MSYS2 do support. There is some ioctl() hack that was known to "work"
but it doesn't do what is expected (it does not return data when there
is data). So for Windows if it is not Cygwin we disable the fix.

MSYS2 is basically Cygwin, except it has more easy installation (but
with tools which are not used) and it has some more control of path
conversion via MSYS2_ARG_CONV_EXCL and MSYS2_ENV_CONV_EXCL. So it
should be more Windows-friendly than Cygwin.

Installation

Similar to Cygwin, except installing patch requires additional command
run from shell:

    pacman -S patch

MSYS2 still doesn't work as it returns wierd "Bad address" when
exec-ing forked process from create_process(). Same exec from
standalone perl -e runs just fine... :(

Cygwin is more Unix-oriented. It does not treat \n as \r\n in regexps
(fixed by \R), it supplies Unix-style paths (fixed by
mixed_path()). It does some cleanup on paths when running exe, so it
will be different in exe output (like with $exe_mysqld, comparing
basename() is enough).

Cygwin installation

1. Just install latest perl version (only base package) and
   patchutils from cygwin-setup;
2. Don't forget to add c:\cygwin64\bin into system path
   before any other perl flavors;
3. There is path-style conflict (see below), you must replace
   c:\cygwin64\bin\sh.exe with the wrapper. Run MTR with
   --cygwin-subshell-fix=do for that. Make sure you are running Cygwin
   perl for the option to work.
4. Restart buildbot via net stop buildbot; net start buildbot

Path-style conflict of Cygwin-ish Perl

Some exe paths are passed to mysqltest which are executed by a native
call. This requires native-style paths (\-style). These exe paths also
executed by Perl itself. Either by MTR itself which is not so
critical, but also by tests' --perl blocks which is impossible to
change. And if Perl detects shell-expansion or uses pipe command it
passess this exe path to /bin/sh which is Cygwin-compiled bash that
cannot work with \-style (or at least in -c processing). Thus we require
\-style on some parts of MTR execution and /-style on another parts.

The examples of tests which cover these different parts are:

    main.mysqlbinlog_row_compressed \
    main.sp_trans_log

That could be great to force Perl to use something different from
/bin/sh, but unfortunately /bin/sh is compiled-in into binary. So the
only solution left is to overwrite /bin/sh with some wrapper script
which passes the command to cmd.exe instead of bash.

See "Path-style conflict" in "MDEV-30836 MTR Cygwin fix" for explanation.

To install subshell fix use --cygwin-subshell-fix=do
To uninstall use --cygwin-subshell-fix=remove

This works only from Cygwin environment. As long as perl on PATH is
from Cygwin you are on Cygwin environment. Check it with

     perl --version

     This is perl 5, version 36, subversion 1 (v5.36.1) built for
     x86_64-cygwin-threads-multi

run_test_server() is actually manager main loop. We move out this
function into Manager package and split into run() and
parse_protocol(). The latter is needed for the fix. Moving into
separate package helps to make some common variables which was local
to run_test_server().

Functions from the main package is now prefixed with main:: (should be
reorganized somehow later or auto-imported).

1. Better logging and error reporting;
2. Worker process title;
3. Some comments

Worker process title example:

 446209 pts/2    R+     0:00 mysql-test-run.pl worker[01] :42146 -> :35027 versioning.view
 446210 pts/2    S+     0:00 mysql-test-run.pl worker[02] :42150 -> :35027 versioning.view
 446211 pts/2    S+     0:00 mysql-test-run.pl worker[03] :42154 -> :35027 versioning.foreign
 446212 pts/2    S+     0:00 mysql-test-run.pl worker[04] :42160 -> :35027 versioning.autoinc

Manager-worker localhost socket connection is represented by a pair :source -> :destination ports.

-vv Now adds --verbose to mysqltest as well, see var/mysqltest.log for the output.

Create test for for case insensitive gives a basic warning on creating
a test file and the next thing a user might see is an abort.

ProtectHome and other systemd setting protect system services from
accessing user data. Unfortunately some of our users do put things
on /home due space or other reasons.

Rather than enumberate the systemd options in a very clunkly fragile
way we put an error associated with the "Can't create test file" and
hope the user can work it out from there.

%M tip thanks Sergei.