MDEV-4823: Server crashes in Item_func_not::fix_fields on creating a table with a virtual column using NOT

fix_field() call protocol was brocken (zero pointer passed as link to item which is possible only if you are sure that there can not be Items which transforms).

MDEV-4409 - Fix deadlock in MySQL key cache code, that can happen if there is a key cache resize running in parallel with an update.

If there is a key cache resize,a  thread writing to key cache, will pause waiting  until resize finishes. However this thread is won't be woken, because resize does not  signaling waiters anymore. This is a regression introduced in WL#86(segmented MyISAM key cache)
The fix is to unconditionally release  threads waiting on resize_queue when resize  finishes, as in pre-WL#86 code.

modified:
  mysql-test/suite/plugins/r/fulltext_plugin.result
  mysql-test/suite/plugins/t/fulltext_plugin.test
  plugin/fulltext/plugin_example.c
  sql/sql_show.cc
pending merges:
  Sergei Golubchik 2013-07-06 Bug #69682 - mysqld crashes after uninstall ...
    Sergei Golubchik 2013-05-24 MDEV-4575 MySQL client doesn't strip off...

extend 5.1 client library to read 4 byte capabilities from the first handshake packet.
two higher bytes are always zeros for 5.1 servers.

MDEV-4280: Assertion `empty_size == empty_size_on_page' failure in ma_blockrec.c or ER_NOT_KEYFILE on query with DISTINCT and GROUP BY
This could happen when using Aria for internal temporary files (default case) and using DISTINCT.
_ma_scan_restore_block_record() didn't work correctly if there was rows inserted, updated or deleted on the handler
between calls to _ma_scan_remember_block_record() and _ma_scan_restore_block_record().
The effect was that some DISTINCT queries that used remove_dup_with_compare() could fail.

.bzrignore:
  Ignore sql_yacc.hh
mysql-test/suite/maria/r/distinct.result:
  Test case for MDEV-4280
mysql-test/suite/maria/t/distinct.test:
  Test case for MDEV-4280
mysql-test/t/mysql.test:
  Fixed test suite (we could get error -1 in some cases)
sql/sql_select.cc:
  Break loop if restart_rnd_next() gives an error
storage/maria/ha_maria.cc:
  scan_restore_pos() can return disk fault error.
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.c:
  _ma_scan_remember_block_record() did incorrectly update scan.dir instead of scan_save.dir .
  _ma_scan_restore_block_record() didn't work correctly if there was rows inserted,updated or deleted on the handler
  between calls to _ma_scan_remember_block_record() and _ma_scan_restore_block_record().
  Fixed by adding counters for row changes and reading the current scan page if changes had been made.
storage/maria/ma_blockrec.h:
  scan_restore_pos() can return disk fault error.
storage/maria/ma_delete.c:
  Increment row_changes
storage/maria/ma_scan.c:
  scan_restore_pos() can return disk fault error.
storage/maria/ma_update.c:
  Increment row_changes
storage/maria/ma_write.c:
  Increment row_changes
storage/maria/maria_def.h:
  scan_restore_pos() can return disk fault error.

avoid divison by zero

Removed "optimization" which caused preoblems on second execution of PS with string parameter in LIMIT clause.

Fixed test_bug43560 to be able to skipp it if connection is UNIX socket.

fixes for gcc 4.8 - compilation warnings and -fsanitize=address

update 5.1 to replicate from 10.0 and
to show the server version (as of 10.0) correctly

sql-common/client.c:
  mdev:4088
sql/slave.cc:
  use the version number, not just the first character of the version string
  (we want 10 > 4 not "10" < "4").

./mtr --suite=main,plugins
will work on all branches.

        Need to check if the number of points is 0 for the polygon.

        Forgotten DBUG_ASSERT should be replaced with the 'return error'.

Item_default_value inherited form Item_field so should create temporary table field similary.

    Additional fixes for possible overflows in length-related
    calculations in 'spatial' implementations.
    Checks added to the ::get_data_size() methods.
    max_n_points decreased to occupy less 2G size. An
    object of that size is practically inoperable anyway.

Item_func_make_set wasn't taking into account the first argument when
calculating maybe_null.

sql/item_strfunc.cc:
  rewrite Item_func_make_set, removing separate storage of the first argument
sql/item_strfunc.h:
  rewrite Item_func_make_set, removing separate storage of the first argument

      The bug was found by Alyssa Milburn.
      If the number of points of a geometry feature read from
      binary representation is greater than 0x10000000, then
      the (uint32) (num_points * 16) will cut the higher byte,
      which leads to various errors.
      Fixed by additional check if (num_points > max_n_points).

MySQL Bug #12408412: GROUP_CONCAT + ORDER BY + INPUT/OUTPUT SAME USER VARIABLE = CRASH
and
MySQL Bug#14664077 SEVERE PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION IN SOME CASES WHEN USER VARIABLES ARE USED


sql/item_func.cc:
  don't use anything from Item_func_set_user_var::fix_fields()
  in Item_func_set_user_var::save_item_result()
sql/sql_class.cc:
  Call suv->save_item_result(item) *before* doing suv->fix_fields(), because
  the former evaluates the item (and caches its value), while the latter marks
  the user variable as non-const. The problem is that the item was fix_field'ed
  when the user variable was const, and it doesn't expect it to change to non-const
  in the middle of the execution.

mysys/errors.c:
  revert upstream's fix. use a much simpler one
mysys/my_write.c:
  revert upstream's fix. use a simpler one
sql/item_xmlfunc.cc:
  useless, but ok
sql/mysqld.cc:
  simplify upstream's fix
storage/heap/hp_delete.c:
  remove upstream's fix.
  we'll use a much less expensive approach.

Analysis:
Range analysis discoveres that the query can be executed via loose index scan for GROUP BY.
Later, GROUP BY analysis fails to confirm that the GROUP operation can be computed via an
index because there is no logic to handle duplicate field references in the GROUP clause.
As a result the optimizer produces an inconsistent plan. It constructs a temporary table,
but on the other hand the group fields are not set to point there.
    
Solution:
Make loose scan analysis work in sync with order by analysis. In the case of duplicate
columns loose scan will not be applicable. This limitation will be lifted in 10.0 by
removing duplicate columns.

MDEV-729 lp:998028 - Server crashes on normal shutdown in closefrm after executing a query from MyISAM table

don't write a key value into the record buffer - a key length can be larger then the record length.

MDEV-759 lp:998340 - Valgrind complains on simple selects containing expression DAY(FROM_UNIXTIME(-1))

check item->null_value before using the result of item->val_int()

mysqldump.c: s/SET OPTION/SET/
(OPTION was, hm, optional since 3.21, so there's no need to use SET OPTION even
in the old compatibility modes)

instead of returning Access denied on the incorrect user name,
emulate the complete failed logic procedure, possibly with
the change plugin packet.

  
allow only three failed change_user per connection.
successful change_user do NOT reset the counter

tests/mysql_client_test.c:
  make --error to work for --change_user errors